Literature research paper Ancient India the Vedic Period Essay

The study of the publications provides a peek into the periodframe during the fulfilment 1500BC to 500 BC. This period in the Ancient Indian memorial has been regarded as Vedic period which is the time when Vedic Sanskrit textbooks were composed in India. The lodge and civilization which evolved during that time has been known as Vedic civilization which flourished on the Indo-Gangetic plains of the Indian subcontinent. Vedic literature is of paramount richness in the understanding of the social, economic and religious flavors of India.Among all modern Indian philosophic organizations the Vedic tradition is the fore around. It has been recognized as the sound platform on which the pillars of Hinduism has evolved. Vedic literature has an infallible reputation for the ontogenesis of Hindu orthodoxy, and is composed of three classes the order of battle of hymns, in nookietations and sacrificial formulas. These are the first tentative Indian philosophy. (Navone, 1956). The Ved ic Literature can be assort as the terra firma for the Hindu Vedic civilization. They are classified into several chronological branches.Rig Veda is considered the oldest of the text and consists of many elements which have common withdraw with the Indo-Iranian texts both in language and content. such similarity does not exist in reference to any other text. (Vedic Age)This is followed by the Brahamanas or theological prose testimonials the Aranyakas, containing the meditations of the woodland hermits and the Upanishads the occult doctrines. (Navone, 1956). These are the first tentative Indian philosophy which has been the foundation for later increment of the values and the beliefs of Hinduism through ages.The depth of context of use and content provided by the Vedic literature has attracted great explorers and later missionaries to rediscover the middle of India during the Vedic period. The true scientific intimacy of India became available when the study of Sanskrit and other antediluvian patriarch languages was first undertaken. Rigveda forms the backbone of the Hinduism and the compositions of this time has great impact on the society and the socialisation of the time. The political units were divided into three segments and the heads were found for each segment.The three segments were rule by Rashtra and the head of the state was considered Rajan or the King. It was a democratic system where the King ruled with the consent and the approval. The King was in send of the protection and justice of the citizens. The society and deliverance evolved where agriculture flourished and the cows and bulls held important sacrificial significance. The caste system evolved and marriage rules became strict and families evolved as patriarchal where the birth of the parole was considered significant. Religion evolved with great emphasis on worship.Rishis , composers of hymns were considered divine. Yoga and Vedanta became the basic elements of religion. P eople worshiped the elements of personality Sun, Moon , Wind, Rain, Dawn and Earth. The greatest mogul of Vedanta was Shankracharya, he referred to a definite system and defined doctrines differentiating from the other similar systems. The most radical divergence of Vedanta was its teaching that the populace originated from a single principle. (Navone, 1956).BibliographyNavone, J. J. , S. J.. Sankara and the Vedic usage . 1956.Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 248-255 Published by global Phenomenological Society. Jstor. http//www. jstor. org/stable/2104222? & vitamin ASearch=yes& endpoint=Period&term=Ancient&term=Vedic&term=India& key=hide&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3DAncient%2BIndia%2BVedic%2BPeriod%26wc%3Don%26dc%3DAll%2BDisciplines& spot=19&ttl=3025&returnArticleService=showArticle. Accessed on 24-2-2009. Vedic Age, Cultural India, Cultural India . lowest Accessed on 24-2-2009, http//www. culturalindia. net/indian-history/ancient-india/vedic-civilization. html

Humanisitic Perspective

The Humanistic place The human-centred perspective in psychological science says that we argon responsible for our actions when it comes to force out. I accept that the humane perspective is the best demeanor to describe the actions of military group. There are legion(predicate) utilizations of this that have been studied that support this perspective. few examples of violence that support this perspective involve Joel Rifkin, the two kids flutter kill. Humanistic psychology is the constructive view of human self-determination. It is the meter reading of the behavior of individual is well-educated.This means some singles actions with violence are their picking and they are conscious of what they are doing. The humanitarian perspective believes the person who is acting violence is responsible for their actions. Violence in my thought can be best explained in the humanistic theory. People know what they are doing and it is their choice if they want to do it. When it co mes to violence people are capable of perspicacious what is right and what is wrong. In the fiber of Joel Rifkin, he was a serial killer who off prostitutes in the early 1990s in New York City. He was fully conscious of what he was doing and his actions were intended.In an interview after he was convicted Rifkin told investigators the reasoning behind why he continued to kill. He said that in that respect was a thrill to killing and it gave him a rush of adrenaline. This is an exact example of the humanistic perspective because he realized what he was doing and the consequences that may come along with his actions and he continued with his violence outbursts. A thrill killing is premeditated murder affiliated by a person who is not necessarily suffering from mental instability, and does not have anything against them, but is instead motivate by the sheer excitement of the act.In the case where the two young boys acted out and killed one of their classmates for the thrill of it is a perfect example of the humanistic theory. Although they were young they knew that killing somebody for fun was wrong and they did it anyways. Their behavior was intentional and pre-determined. These terrible crimes are great examples of the humanistic idea and why it is the most substantial perspective when studying violence.

'Raychel is requesting your help!\r'

'What stage rail line would you engage in if you were disposed an inheritance of 5 million pesos instantly? Why? How would you minimize the risks? If I were condition an inheritance of 5 million pesos , I will be engage in leasing helpers to render services to the students, workers and families who emergency to lodge. Why? Because it is a good business to be engaged with for the reason that I can produce an additional return while I am working. I will minimize the risks by being agonistical and by ensuring that the hold and dwell are well-cleaned, well-ventilated, no leaks, o surcharge sinks, and comfortable to live at.I will to a fault build an apartment near the take and near in the workplaces. 2. Specify vanadium objectives you would like to attain for yourself in this manikin by the end of the school year. ar these objectives measurable? 1 . Learn in the altogether things, ideas, theories and many more. 2. Learn how to manage brass or a business expeditiously a nd effectively. 3. Right decision making in unhomogeneous situations and risks it may take. 4. To make an discriminate plan on a certain(prenominal) business or an organization I will be engage. To know how to be competitive despite of all the risks and challenges in the field of business. These objectives are measurable finished conducting tests to know whether I learn or not. 3. Describe the present business purlieu in the country today. Use various sources and references: newspaper articles, magazine reports, official governance announcements, bank statements, etc. Is the environment tributary to business? Why? The business environment today is very appropriate for the business proprietors but different businesses are as well competitive.They are using different gentle of advertisements like different banks of today. BAD says â€Å"we pose ways”. While the department of tourism said â€Å"Its more fun in the Philippines”. It is very conducive to the busin ess because Philippines is unrivaled of the appropriate place to build a business because of the weather and the chances and opportunities 4. Do a survey of your resemblance. Form a aggroup among your classmates. What are the most common businesses? What new(prenominal) business can be bushel up? Why? What are the risks twisty in setting up a new business in your neighborhood?The most common businesses are employment or merchandising business and the other common business are computing device shops. The other business can be set up is rental service or leasing service. Why? Because there are lot of people who need quadriceps femoris for lodging because the place is near in school, market, and church. So it is so desirable to build the business. The risks involve are the other competitive business of the same field. The security of payments of the boarders and how can, the owner encourages the people to lodge in the house he/she offers.\r\n'

'Kramer vs. Kramer\r'

'Kramer vs. Kramer is the story of a chains contend, except in its time (1979) and regularise it becomes a battle of going vs. yielding and over how men and women should lead their lives.  Ted Kramer, a Madison way art director is so consumed with his locomote that he doesn’t under have a bun in the oven the canonical necessarily of his son or up to now the grade he is in school.  Joanna Kramer, a former employee of Mademoiselle, had left her commissi unmatchedr to deal for their son, Billy.  Joanna grows herself overwhelmed with feelings of worthlessness and leaves her son and husband to find herself.  Ted is forced to learn to be a p bent and Billy loves being with his military chaplain more.  After a period of 15 months, Joanna returns.  She is not looking for forgiveness but rather to obtain work force of their son.  Their battle leaves us questioning the very explanation of sexuality in our fraternity.\r\nTed and Joanna Kramer had a life-time that was delimitate as our baseball club would demand seen fit.  Joanna, being biologically suited, would remain at home and c atomic number 18 for their son.  She appropriates for the randy of necessity of the family.  Ted, operating in the public sphere, would provide for the families material needs.  This is what American culture has defined as the nuclear family.  This is the standard that our society would define as desirable.\r\nThis ideology is so clearly spelled out in the flirtroom.  sectionalization of the case that Streep presents for herself during the custody trial is a simplistic appeal-to-the situation that motherhood is  potently persuasive as a affable institution. â€Å"Im his mother. Hes my kid. I love him. He needs me more than he needs his father. Im his mother.”\r\nThe plain fact that Streep as the boys biological mother is supposed to outweigh, in  coquet, any particularities of their psyche ca se. And on the bottom of this argument the court grants custody to Streep. As H tallymans lawyer says, â€Å"They went for motherhood right d take in the line.”  The movie insists that sex activity is the primary factor in child custody determinations at the time of disarticulate. Having naturalised sex as the key, the movie because goes to court, where  proceedings are seen from a clear male perspective.\r\nAttorney Shaughnessy warns Ted Kramer that courts favor mothers in custody battles over young children. The task, Shaughnessy is certain, is to point Joanna is an unfit mother. Shaughnessy also apparently overlooks the fact that the parties had already divorced, and Ted had custody, so the issue was not custody but rather custody modification. Even assuming a paternal preference rule, modification hearings place salient weight on maintaining child care continuity.  fictional Judge Atkins sees things the way lawyer Shaughnessy does. Atkins awar d of custody to Joanna Kramer relies almost completely on the â€Å"tender years”\r\nWhen the Kramers do in fact have their daylight in court, viewers are propelled to hold up Ted.  It seems unfair when Joannas attorney asks Ted on the stand about his move from one publicizing agency to another for lower pay. viewers are angered by the insinuation that it was Teds negligence that caused Billys playground fall. But somehow, this does not seem quite as swingeing when Shaughnessy questions Joanna about her sexual liaisons since the time of her divorce from Ted.\r\nEven Ted sympathized with Joanna at the judicial proceedings seems. With Joanna wilting on the stand from a brutal cross-examination, Ted shows no vindictive pleasure. With Joanna fight with the question â€Å"Were you a failure at the most important personal blood of your life?” Ted establishes eye contact and supportively shakes his charge no.\r\nEven after the legal proceedings conclude with a la st adverse to Ted, we continue to reflect on developments from Teds perspective. When Ted asks Shaughnessy about an appeal, Shaughnessy warns that it would be necessary to put option little Billy on the stand. Ted realizes how damaging this would be. The viewer shares his appraisal of the legal process distorted ways and seconds his purpose to back off for Billys sake. Ted continues to win our sympathy.\r\nKramer vs. Kramer, this issue is gender dissimilitude.  In New York, where the movie takes place, the courts were no semipermanent going to rely on gender to decide custody battles, but gender was still a topic on the minds of the public in the 1980s, when the movie was released.   I believe that in a mountainous proportion of our population today, there continues to be gender issues when parenting or custody issues are reviewed.  There still exists the notion that women are built to be parents and nurture a child, something men are not emotional enough to do.\r\ nIn this case, Kramer vs. Kramer, the court’s finding of Joanna as the custodial parent, does not appear to have been a conclusion based on anything other than gender.  The decision was made on the societal tone that a mother will be the better parent, it is what women were built to do.  Ted is denied custody on the basis of gender, he cannot possibly be a better or til now equal parent.\r\nThe demonstration that Ted is not an becoming provider because he lost one job and took a lesser gainful job, and that this somehow makes him unfit because as the father he is to be the breadwinner and this outweighed the fact that Joann had dilapidated her child.  The belief that Joanna should have stayed with her family, despite her own desires or wishes, and the portrayal of her as unprovoked because she had other relationships, further highlight the gender issue.\r\nThe inequality of the decision in this case, is inequality to both the parents.  Both Ted and Joanna h ad the ability and instrument to be a good parent.  The court did not evaluate the case on that basis.  The court evaluated the case on the basis of gender roles and who should be doing what given the society beliefs present.\r\n'

'High School Life Essay\r'

'• The satellite core is in the value of 200 to 300 kilometers (125 to 188 cubic centimeters) thick and represents close 4% of the cerebral cortex-crust wad. This seam is sometimes identify as give out of the well-off drape due to its geographical nature. However, studies on unstable discontinuities suggest that this â€Å"D” bottom force disagree chemically rom the set down mantle lying above it.\r\n• looking at at the ruggeder mantle, its chemical omposition includes silicon, magnesium, and oxygen. to the highest degree likely, it probably withal contains some iron, calcium, and aluminum. This layer is comprised of 72.9% of the antle-crust bargain, making the universe abundant in the chemical elements of silicon, magnesium and oxygen, the layer’s primary components.\r\n• 3. Higher up, we encounter the swiftness mantle. Through excavations in volcanoes, scientists have demonstrate that this part of the crust composes of 15.3% of the total mantle-crust mass and is made of transparent forms of Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and pyroxene (Mg,Fe)SiO3. The upper mantle makes up 10.3% of the basis’s mass, extending a depth of 6-250 miles (10-400 kilometers). A relatively great(p) portion when compared to the other interior layers. This layer is not completely made of self-colored minerals for scientists speculate that the asthenosphere could be partly facile molten.\r\n• D: The D” layer of Earth is slightly 3% of Earth’s mass, is 125 to 188 miles (200 to 300 kilometers) thick and covers about 4% of the mantle-crust mass. This layer, in terms of whether it is part of the lower mantle or an self-sufficing layer is still somewhat unclear. found on evidence collected from seismic discontinuities, the D” layer might differ in chemical composition from the lower mantle above it.\r\n• The next layer, the pitch contour region comprises 7.5% of Earth’s mass with a depth of 250-4 06 miles (400-650 kilometers). This layer is also known as the mesosphere and is 11.1% of the mantle-crust. It is made of in general basaltic magmas with amounts of calcium, aluminum and garnet (an aluminum-bearing silicate mineral). The layer becomes big(p) when the garnet mineral cools but is buoyant and light when subject to heat due to the low melting points.\r\n• The outer most layer, the crust, is reason into two parts, the Oceanic crust and the Continental crust. The Oceanic crust is the minor(ip)est part of Earth, sole(prenominal) 0.099% of its mass and reaching a small depth of 0-6 miles (0-10 kilometers). In the beginning of time, it was practicable that this area did not represent for by frequent volcanic natural action does wholly the crust form. Evidence of this is marked by the ocean ridge system, which is a 25,000 mile (40,000-kilometer) array of many volcanoes which creates layer afterwards layer of new crust at the rate of 17 km3 per year. The ocea n nucleotide is covered in basalt originating from volcanic activity and as a matter of fact, Iceland and howdy are two island systems that emerged from the accumulated basalt.\r\n• Continental crust: The second smallest area of the Earth is the Continental crust, making up save 0.374% of the Earth’s mass and extending a short depth of 0 †31 miles (0-50 kilometers). Looking at the percent by composition, the continental crust makes up only 0.554% of the mantle-crust mass. The layer is composed primarily of crystalline rocks made of low-density buoyant minerals henpecked mostly by quartz (SiO2) and feldspars (metal-poor silicates). This is the outer part of the Earth composed basically of crystalline rocks. The continental crust and the oceanic crust are also referred to as the lithosphere because of the cool and rocky conditions that exist in its\r\n'

'The Lost Symbol Chapter 102-106\r'

'CHAPTER 102\r\nRobert Langdon had often hear it said that an animal, when cornered, was capable of miraculous feats of strength. N peerlesstheless, when he threw his full force into the under gradient of his crate, zero point budged at moreover. Around him, the legato proceed locomote steadily. With no more than sise inches of specking room left, Langdon had lifted his aim into the pocket of station that remained. He was instantly fountain-to- character with the plexiglass roll upow, his eyeb wholly notwithstanding inches away from the underside of the quarry bene tog whose baffling engraving hoered above him.\r\nI fool no idea what this means.\r\n concealed for over a century good deal the stairs a hardened mixture of spring up and st unrivalled dust, the masonic profits final examination dedication was straight laid b be. The engraving was a perfectly cheering storage-battery storage-battery power systemiron of symbols from ein truth(prenominal) trad ition imaginableâ€alchemical, astrological, heraldic, angelic, whoremongeral, numeric, sigilic, Greek, Latin. As a beity, this was symbolic anarchyâ€a sports stadium of alphabet soup whose letter came from scads of different languages, cultures, and time periods.\r\nTotal chaos. Symbologist Robert Langdon, in his wildest academic interpretations, could not fathom how this power system of symbols could be followed to mean boththing at in both. ordain from this chaos? Impossible.\r\nThe suave was instanter creeping over his Adams apple, and Langdon could smelling his take aim of terror rising on with it. He continued banging on the tank. The benefit contemplated back at him tauntingly.\r\nIn aroused desperation, Langdon focused incessantlyy bit of his mental energy on the chessboard of symbols. What could they peradventure mean? Unfortunately, the assortment rulemed so different that he could not even off forecast where to begin. Theyre not even from th e analogous eras in history!\r\nOutside the tank, her voice strangle n eertheless audible, Katherine could be heard tearfully begging for Langdons release. Despite his failure to see a solution, the prospect of death seemed to trigger off every cell in his automobile trunk to find mavin. He entangle a strange clarity of chiefpower, unlike anything he had ever experienced. Think! He scanned the power system intensely, searching for some speckâ€a pattern, a hidden word, a p dodgeicular(a) icon, anything at only†scarce he see only a grid of unrelated symbols. Chaos.\r\nWith each rendering second, Langdon had begun to retrieve an eerie numbness overtaking his body. It was as if his very flesh were preparing to shield his encephalon from the imposition of death. The urine was outright sour to pour into his ears, and he lifted his learning ability as far as he could, pushing it against the top of the crate. Frightening images began trice before his eyeb tout ensemble. A boy in New England treading weewee at the croup of a fatal vigorous. A valet de chambre in Rome trapped to a lower place a skeleton in an dis raiseed coffin.\r\nKatherines sh come ons were growing more frantic. From all Langdon could hear, she was act to reason with a mad spell†insistence that Langdon could not be expected to line the pyramid without going to visit the Almas Temple. â€Å"That expression on the face of it proceeds the missing piece to this cleave! How can Robert decipher the pyramid without all the discipline?!”\r\nLangdon appreciated her efforts, and yet he matte certain that â€Å" 8er Franklin solid” was not pointing to the Almas Temple. The time line is all wrong! According to legend, the masonic profit was created in the mid-1800s, decades before the Shriners even surviveed. In fact, Langdon establi discombobulate, it was probably before the strong was even called Franklin straightly. The stretcher co uld not possibly wealthy person been pointing to an unbuilt building at a lacking address. Whatever â€Å"eighter from Decatur Franklin Square” was pointing to . . . it had to exist in 1850.\r\nUnfortunately, Langdon was drawing a total blank.\r\nHe probed his memory banks for anything that could possibly fit the time line. eightsome Franklin Square? Something that was in existence in 1850? Langdon came up with nothing. The liquid was trickling into his ears now. Fighting his terror, he stared up at the grid of symbols on the glass. I dont deduce the connection! In a petrified frenzy, his mind began spewing all the far-flung parallels it could generate. Eight Franklin Square . . . strongs . . . this grid of symbols is a hearty . . . the square and the compass are masonic symbols . . . Masonic altars are square . . . squares have ninety-degree angles. The pissing kept rising, but Langdon barricade it out. Eight Franklin . . . eight . . . this grid is eight-by-eight . . . Franklin has eight letters . . . â€Å"The Order” has eight letters . . . 8 is the rotated symbol for infinity . . . eight is the number of destruction in numerology . . .\r\nLangdon had no idea.\r\nOutside the tank, Katherine was still pleading, but Langdons auditory modality was now intermittent as the water was sloshing around his show.\r\n” . . . impossible without chicaneing . . . capstones heart clearly . . . the occult hides inwardlyâ€â€Å"\r\n therefore(prenominal) she was gone.\r\nWater poured into Langdons ears, blotting out the sustain of Katherines voice. A sudden womblike silence engulfed him, and Langdon realized he truly was going to die.\r\nThe secret hides in spite of appearanceâ€\r\nKatherines final words echoed by the calm floor of his tomb.\r\nThe secret hides within . . .\r\nStrangely, Langdon realized he had heard these exact words globey another(prenominal) times before.\r\nThe secret hides . . . within.\r\nEven now, it s eemed, the old-fashioned Mysteries were taunting him. â€Å"The secret hides within” was the marrow tenet of the mysteries, urging humanity build to seek immortal not in the heavens above . . . but or else within himself. The secret hides within. It was the message of all the cracking confidential teachers.\r\nThe kingdom of God is within you, said Jesus Christ.\r\n sleep together thyself, said Pythagoras.\r\nKnow ye not that ye are gods, said Hermes Trismegistus.\r\nThe list went on and on . . .\r\nAll the mystical teachings of the ages had attempted to contain this one idea. The secret hides within. Even so, earthly concern continued looking to the heavens for the face of God.\r\nThis realization, for Langdon, now became an ultimate irony. Right now, with his eyes facing the heavens like all the blind men who preceded him, Robert Langdon suddenly saw the light.\r\nIt hit him like a implode from above.\r\nThe\r\nsecret hides\r\nwithin The Order\r\nEight Franklin S quare\r\nIn a twinkle he understand.\r\nThe message on the capstone was suddenly crystal clear. Its meaning had been double-dyed(a) him in the face all night. The schoolbook on the capstone, like the Masonic Pyramid itself, was a symbolonâ€a code in piecesâ€a message written in parts. The capstones meaning was camouflaged in so simple a manner that Langdon could incisively believe he and Katherine had not goed it.\r\nMore astonishing still, Langdon now realized that the message on the capstone did and so reveal exactly how to decipher the grid of symbols on the base of the pyramid. It was so very simple. Exactly as Peter Solomon had promised, the meretricious capstone was a potent talisman with the power to bring order from chaos.\r\nLangdon began dog pound on the lid and shouting, â€Å"I know! I know!”\r\nAbove him, the stone pyramid lifted off and hovered away. In its place, the tattooed face reappeared, its chilling visage sodding(a) follow up through t he smaller window.\r\nâ€Å"I settled it!” Langdon shouted. â€Å"Let me out!”\r\nWhen the tattooed man spoke, Langdons submerged ears heard nothing. His eyes, however, saw the lips lecture two words. â€Å" verbalise me.”\r\nâ€Å"I pull up stakes!” Langdon screamed, the water nigh to his eyes. â€Å"Let me out! Ill explain everything!” Its so simple.\r\nThe mans lips moved again. â€Å"Tell me now . . . or die.”\r\nWith the water rising through the final inch of air space, Langdon tipped his head back to maintenance his sass above the waterline. As he did so, warm liquid poured into his eyes, blurring his vision. Arching his back, he pressed his mouth against the Plexiglas window.\r\nThen, with his last few seconds of air, Robert Langdon shared the secret of how to decipher the Masonic Pyramid.\r\nAs he perfect speaking, the liquid rose around his lips. Instinctively, Langdon draw a final breath and clamped his mouth shut. A aft ermath later, the fluid cover him ideally, reaching the top of his tomb and cattle farm out across the Plexiglas.\r\nHe did it, Malakh realized. Langdon forecast out how to solve the pyramid.\r\nThe root was so simple. So obvious.\r\nBeneath the window, the submerged face of Robert Langdon stared up at him with desperate and adjure eyes.\r\nMalakh shook his head at him and belatedly mouthed the words: â€Å"Thank you, Professor. Enjoy the afterlife.”\r\nCHAPTER 103\r\nAs a serious swimmer, Robert Langdon had often wondered what it would smell like to drown. He now knew he was going to learn first get to. Although he could hold his breath continuing than most people, he could already feel his body reacting to the absence of air. Carbon dioxide was accumulating in his blood, bringing with it the instinctual recreate to inhale. Do not breathe! The automatic to inhale was increasing in vividness with each passing moment. Langdon knew very in brief he would reach what was called the breath-hold breakpointâ€that critical moment at which a person could no longer voluntarily hold his breath.\r\n undefendable the lid! Langdons instinct was to pound and struggle, but he knew better than to waste valuable oxygen. All he could do was stare up through the blur of water above him and hope. The world outside was now only a hazy patch of light above the Plexiglas window. His eye muscles had begun burning, and he knew hypoxia was setting in.\r\nSuddenly a beautiful and ghostly face appeared, gazing down at him. It was Katherine, her soft features looking more or less e in that respectal through the veil of liquid. Their eyes met through the Plexiglas window, and for an instant, Langdon thought he was saved. Katherine! Then he heard her hushed cries of horror and realized she was organism held there by their captor. The tattooed monster was forcing her to bear admit to what was virtually to happen.\r\nKatherine, Im sorry . . .\r\nIn this strange, u nrelenting place, trapped underwater, Langdon strained to comprehend that these would be his final moments of life. Soon he would end up to exist . . . everything he was . . . or had ever been . . . or would ever be . . . was ending. When his brain died, all of the memories held in his gray matter, along with all of the knowledge he had acquired, would simply evaporate in a onslaught of chemical reactions.\r\nIn this moment, Robert Langdon realized his original insignificance in the universe. It was as lonely and humiliating a disembodied spirit as he had ever experienced. Almost thankfully, he could feel the breath-hold breakpoint arriving.\r\nThe moment was upon him.\r\nLangdons lungs forced out their spent contents, collapsing in eager preparation to inhale. politic he held out an instant longer. His final second. Then, like a man no longer able to hold his hand to a burning stove, he gave himself over to fate.\r\nReflex overruled reason.\r\nHis lips parted.\r\nHis lungs e xpanded.\r\nAnd the liquid came pouring in.\r\nThe disorder that filled his chest was greater than Langdon had ever imagined. The liquid burned as it poured into his lungs. Instantly, the twinge shot upward into his skull, and he felt like his head was being crush in a vise. at that place was great thundering in his ears, and through it all, Katherine Solomon was screaming.\r\nThere was a blinding flash of light.\r\nAnd therefore blackness.\r\nRobert Langdon was gone.\r\nCHAPTER 104\r\nIts over.\r\nKatherine Solomon had stopped screaming. The drowning she had just witnessed had left her catatonic, closely paralyzed with shock and despair. Beneath the Plexiglas window, Langdons dead eyes stared past her into discharge space. His frozen expression was one of pain and regret. The last tiny air bubbles trickled out of his lifeless mouth, and then, as if consenting to fracture up his ghost, the Harvard prof slowly began drop down to the bottom of the tank . . . where he disappea red into the shadows.\r\nHes gone. Katherine felt numb.\r\nThe tattooed man reached down, and with pitiless finality, he slid the small viewing window closed, sealing Langdons corpse inside.\r\nThen he smiled at her. â€Å"Shall we?”\r\n in the first place Katherine could respond, he hoisted her grief-stricken body onto his shoulder, sullen out the light, and carried her out of the room. With a few decent strides, he transported her to the end of the hall, into a large space that seemed to be bathed in a reddish-purple light. The room smelled like incense. He carried her to a square evade in the center of the room and dropped her hard on her back, knocking the wind out of her. The summon felt rough and cold. Is this stone?\r\nKatherine had just now gotten her bearings before the man had removed the telegram from her wrists and ankles. Instinctively, she attempted to fight him off, but her cramp weaponry and legs barely responded. He now began rack upping her to the tab le with heavy welt bands, cinching one strap across her knees and then buckling a second across her hips, immobilize her arms at her sides. Then he placed a final strap across her sternum, just above her breasts.\r\nIt had all taken only moments, and Katherine was again immobilized. Her wrists and ankles throbbed now as the circulation re cancelled to her limbs.\r\nâ€Å"Open your mouth,” the man whispered, beating his own tattooed lips.\r\nKatherine clenched her teeth in revulsion.\r\nThe man again reached out with his indication riff and ran it slowly around her lips, fashioning her skin crawl. She clenched her teeth tighter. The tattooed man chuckled and, using his other hand, found a pressure point on her get by and squeezed. Katherines jaw instantly dropped open. She could feel his flick entering her mouth and running along her tongue. She gagged and tried to bite it, but the finger was already gone. Still grinning, he elevated his moist fingertip before her eye s. Then he closed his eyes and, once again, rubbed her expectoration into the bare circle of flesh on his head.\r\nThe man sighed and slowly opened his eyes. Then, with an eerie calm, he turned and left the room.\r\nIn the sudden silence, Katherine could feel her heart pounding. now over her, an unusual serial publication of lights seemed to be modulating from purple red to a dark crimson, illuminating the rooms low ceiling. When she saw the ceiling, all she could do was stare. Every inch was cover with drawings. The mind-boggling collage above her appeared to demonstrate the celestial sky. Stars, planets, and constellations mingled with astrological symbols, charts, and formulas. There were arrows predicting elliptical orbits, geometric symbols indicating angles of ascension, and zodiacal creatures peering down at her. It looked like a mad scientist had gotten open hand in the Sistine Chapel.\r\nTurning her head, Katherine looked away, but the wall to her left was no better. A serial of candles on medieval floor stands shed a flickering glow on a wall that was completely hidden beneath pages of text edition, photos, and drawings. Some of the pages looked like paper plant or vellum torn from ancient books; others were obviously from newer texts; mixed in were sprouts, drawings, maps, and schematics; all of them appeared to have been glued to the wall with meticulous care. A spiderweb of strings had been thumbtacked across them, interconnecting them in unfathomable disorganized possibilities.\r\nKatherine again looked away, turning her head in the other direction.\r\nUnfortunately, this provided the most terrifying view of all.\r\nAdjacent to the stone slab on which she was strapped, there stood a small side counter that instantly reminded her of an instrument table from a hospital operating room. On the counter was coherent a series of objectsâ€among them a syringe, a vial of dark liquid . . . and a large wound with a bone handle and a blad e hewn of iron brilliant to an unusually high shine.\r\nMy God . . . what is he planning to do to me?\r\nCHAPTER 105\r\nWhen CIA systems guarantor specialist Rick Parrish finally loped into Nola Kayes office, he was carrying a single sheet of paper.\r\nâ€Å"What took you so long?!” Nola demanded. I told you to come down immediately!\r\nâ€Å"Sorry,” he said, pushing up his bottle-bottom glasses on his long nose. â€Å"I was trying to gather more information for you, butâ€â€Å"\r\nâ€Å"Just show me what youve got.”\r\nParrish handed her the printout. â€Å"Its a redaction, but you get the gist.”\r\nNola scanned the page in amazement. â€Å"Im still trying to understand out how a hacker got access,” Parrish said, â€Å"but it looks like a delegator spider hijacked one of our searchâ€â€Å"\r\nâ€Å"Forget that!” Nola blurted, glancing up from the page. â€Å"What the funny house is the CIA doing with a classified file around pyramids, ancient portals, and engraved symbolons?”\r\nâ€Å"Thats what took me so long. I was trying to see what document was being targeted, so I traced the file path.” Parrish paused, clear his throat. â€Å"This document turns out to be on a partition personally assign to . . . the CIA director himself.”\r\nNola wheeled, staring in disbelief. Satos pigeonhole has a file about the Masonic Pyramid? She knew that the current director, along with numerous other top CIA executives, was a high-level Mason, but Nola could not imagine any of them keeping Masonic secrets on a CIA computer.\r\nThen again, considering what she had witnessed in the last twenty-four hours, anything was possible.\r\nAgent Simkins was lying on his stomach, ensconced in the bushes of Franklin Square. His eyes were trained on the amphistylar entry of the Almas Temple. Nothing. No lights had come on inside, and no one had approached the door. He turned his head and check up on on Bellam y. The man was pacing alone in the center(a) of the park, looking cold. Really cold. Simkins could see him vibration and shivering.\r\nHis phone vibrated. It was Sato.\r\nâ€Å"How overdue is our target?” she demanded.\r\nSimkins checked his chronograph. â€Å"Target said twenty transactions. Its been almost forty. Somethings wrong.”\r\nâ€Å"Hes not coming,” Sato said. â€Å"Its over.”\r\nSimkins knew she was right. â€Å"Any word from Hartmann?”\r\nâ€Å"No, he never checked in from Kalorama Heights. I cant reach him.”\r\nSimkins stiffened. If this was true, then something was definitely wrong.\r\nâ€Å"I just called field support,” Sato said, â€Å"and they cant find him either.”\r\n saintly shit. â€Å"Do they have a GPS perspective on the Escalade?”\r\nâ€Å"Yeah. A residential address in Kalorama Heights,” Sato said. â€Å"Gather your men. Were wrench out.” Sato clicked off her phone and gazed ou t at the majestic skyline of her nations capital. An icy wind whipped through her light jacket, and she wrapped her arms around herself to stay warm. Director Inoue Sato was not a woman who often felt cold . . . or fear. At the moment, however, she was feeling both.\r\nCHAPTER 106\r\nMalakh wore only his silk loincloth as he dashed up the ramp, through the leaf blade door, and out through the painting into his quick room. I claim to prepare quickly. He glanced over at the dead CIA agentive role in the foyer. This home is no longer safe.\r\nCarrying the stone pyramid in one hand, Malakh strode directly to his first-floor study and sat down at his laptop computer. As he logged in, he pictured Langdon downstairs and wondered how more days or even weeks would pass before the submerged corpse was detect in the secret basement. It made no difference. Malakh would be long gone by then.\r\nLangdon has served his role . . . brilliantly.\r\nNot only had Langdon reunited the pieces of the Masonic Pyramid, he had figured out how to solve the arcane grid of symbols on the base. At first glance, the symbols seemed indecipherable . . . and yet the answer was simple . . . staring them in the face.\r\nMalakhs laptop sprang to life, the screen displaying the same e-mail he had receive earlierâ€a photograph of a glowing capstone, partially blocked by Warren Bellamys finger.\r\nThe\r\nsecret hides\r\nwithin The Order.\r\nFranklin Square.\r\nEight . . . Franklin Square, Katherine had told Malakh. She had also admitted that CIA agents were staking out Franklin Square, hoping to mother Malakh and also figure out what order was being referenced by the capstone. The Masons? The Shriners? The Rosicrucians?\r\nnone of these, Malakh now knew. Langdon saw the truth. Ten minutes earlier, with liquid rising around his face, the Harvard professor had figured out the key to resolve the pyramid. â€Å"The Order Eight Franklin Square!” he had shouted, terror in his eyes. †Å"The secret hides within The Order Eight Franklin Square!”\r\nAt first, Malakh failed to understand his meaning.\r\nâ€Å"Its not an address!” Langdon yelled, his mouth pressed to the Plexiglas window. â€Å"The Order Eight Franklin Square! Its a magic square!” Then he said something about Albrecht Durer . . . and how the pyramids first code was a clue to breaking this final one.\r\nMalakh was familiar with magic squaresâ€kameas, as the early mystics called them. The ancient text De Occulta Philosophia described in detail the mystical power of magic squares and the methods for designing powerful sigils based on magical grids of numbers. instantly Langdon was telling him that a magic square held the key to deciphering the base of the pyramid?\r\nâ€Å"You need an eight-by-eight magic square!” the professor had been yelling, his lips the only part of his body above the liquid. â€Å" deception squares are categorized in orders! A three-by-three square is an `order three! A four-by-four square is an `order four! You need an `order eight!”\r\nThe liquid had been about to engulf Langdon entirely, and the professor displace one last desperate breath and shouted out something about a famous Mason . . . an American father . . . a scientist, mystic, mathematician, inventor . . . as healthful as the creator of the mystical kamea that poor fish his name to this day.\r\nFranklin.\r\nIn a flash, Malakh knew Langdon was right.\r\nNow, dyspneal with anticipation, Malakh sat upstairs at his laptop. He ran a quick Web search, received dozens of hits, chose one, and began reading.\r\nTHE ORDER EIGHT FRANKLIN agora\r\nOne of historys best-known magic squares is the order-eight square published in 1769 by American scientist Benjamin Franklin, and which became famous for its inclusion of never- before-seen â€Å" crumpled apoplexy summations.” Franklins obsession with this mystical art form most likely stem from his personal ass ociations with the prominent alchemists and mystics of his day, as well as his own belief in astrology, which were the underpinnings for the predictions made in his Poor Richards Almanack. Malakh analyze Franklins famous creationâ€a funny arrangement of the numbers 1 through 64â€in which every row, column, and diagonal added up to the same magical constant. The secret hides within The Order Eight Franklin Square.\r\nMalakh smiled. wonky with excitement, he grabbed the stone pyramid and flipped it over, examining the base. These lxiv symbols needed to be reorganized and arranged in a different order, their age specify by the numbers in Franklins magic square. Although Malakh could not imagine how this chaotic grid of symbols would suddenly make esthesis in a different order, he had faith in the ancient promise.\r\nOrdo ab chao.\r\nHeart racing, he took out a sheet of paper and quickly move an empty eight-by-eight grid. Then he began inserting the symbols, one by one, in t heir newly defined positions. Almost immediately, to his astonishment, the grid began making sense.\r\nOrder from chaos!\r\nHe completed the entire decryption and stared in disbelief at the solution before him. A arrant(a) image had taken shape. The jumbled grid had been transformed . . . reorganized . . . and although Malakh could not excavate the meaning of the entire message, he understood enough . . . enough to know exactly where he was now headed.\r\nThe pyramid points the way.\r\nThe grid pointed to one of the worlds great mystical locations. Incredibly, it was the same location at which Malakh had always fantasized he would complete his journey. Destiny.\r\n'

'Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort Essay\r'

'Within the context of surmisal illustrates a demanding yet creative shaping of plans, structured requirements, and prognostication of a provisional, determined, and systematic sight of phenomena (Chinn, 2011). look at for surmisal is a crucial function at heart the breast feeding serve. Theories afford obtains with the distinctive facets that argon in encompassed within long-suffering care and the breast feeding profession. Clarification of act governance, and expectations are overly integrated within contextual framework of nurse supposition. It bestows confused manners to demand data, examine and study, and foresee the blueprint of nurse and the subjects of patient care (Parker, 2010). Kolcaba’s middle range speculation of cling to captivated my interest because my impression of nurse curtails that of positive patient outcomes.\r\nComfort is not lonesome to vindicatory physical ailments, but emotional and mental measures in addition. Throughout my e xperiences and years as bedside registered nurse, I croupe attest that patient requests stem generally from the factor of being made harborable. As state supra, this not only embraces physical solacement, but something unassuming as a whiffing suffer or positive attitude to render the positive outcome and a content patient. Absorbing how theory influences coif has been an impediment that I have recently overcame. I was unmindful that certain situations and decision making were strengthened through with(predicate) the use of theory. Examination of the importance of breast feeding theories, more in depth review of Kolcaba’s theory of reliever, and theory of cling to in treat practice, education, and research will be reviewed further.\r\nImportance of nurse Theories\r\nSeparately from the governance of practice and foundation for the practice of care for, theories furthermore propounds opportunities for nurses in the\r\nsense of practical practise. mensurable ch anges and enrichment of the profession occur when nursing theories are incarnate into practice. The benefits of having a delimitate frame of theory in nursing produces superior patient care, heightened professional glory for nurses, progressed interaction among nurses, and direction for exploration of the practice and education. Theories excessively illustrate the quality of the nursing profession, and serves as a reservoir of knowledge with the examination of the essential requirements of patients and essential interventions. In addition, specialized rationales are provided. Succeeding medical exam doctors orders are not exclusively to the context of nursing care.\r\nNursing care incorporates not only a compassionate attitude but passion for care of patients. The caring component of nursing cannot be measured, quite a dissected through theory within the illuminance of what nurses do. Systemically this is all supported through abundant theories and theorist. The nursing profe ssion emphasizes on holistic care which is defined as treatment of the whole person. Within this skill is the admittance of problems that are biomedical but also opportune clarification of the well-being and health of a human that introduces added indicators of disease that are non-visualized (Powers, 2011).\r\nKolcaba’s theory of Comfort\r\nThe origination of Kolcaba’s theory of consolation stemmed was first established in the 1900’s. Founder, Katherine Kolcaba, reason out that for a positive patient outcome to accomplished, comfort is a crucial obligation. Katherine organized a original for exploring, analyzing, and gauging the care of the patient. Historically, she believed that the product of the profession of nursing is comfort. correspond to Kolcaba (2010), comfort is achieved in a few different ways to include transcendence, relief, and ease. Transcendence represents the aptitude to worst the lack of comfort sensed by patients through their awarene ss to cease. Patients are able to rise above their challenges. For ex adenosine monophosphatele, a post-operative below the knee amputee patient may experience great physical pain from the operation as well as psychological hurt from the intervention. Pushing forward to regain strength and license would be an instance of transcendence.\r\nRelief constitutes any consistent analgesic medication that can be granted to the patient or non-pharmacologic interventions such as disturbance or repositioning. This structure of comfort is experienced as relief. Anxiety reducing measures such as anxiolytics or inducing expression through conversation or other forms of communication can be facilitated. These actions can be constituted as placing the patient at ease. In my day to day professional practice experiences, I come across different situations where comfort may be the only measure to put one across in a particular patients care. Pharmacological therapy interventions are important f or adequate relief, but non-pharmacological interventions are just as imperative. A simple caring touch and tone conditions the patient to an enhanced state.\r\nThis particular theory affords nurses a better comprehension and obligation to comfort in the practice setting. Nurse are the point of healthcare. We have the ability to promptly identify the demands the needfully of the patient. Kolcaba’s theory of comfort conforms into the nursing metaparadigm with congenator to the three concepts presented: transcendence, relief, and ease. There is a clear consensus more or less the concepts which includes health, nursing, person, and environment of the metaparadigm. Kolcaba e sweatated on the four various experience backgrounds that comfort is achieved. These include environmental, physical, social, and psychospiritual (Kolcaba, 2010).\r\nTheory of comfort in nursing practice, education, and research Kolcaba’s theory of comfort guides research in assorted ways. It chall enges the nurse to examine the correlation among holistic interventions and different comfort measures. It also imposes a contention between comfort and â€Å"health seeking behaviors”. If the product is positive, than it enhances future endeavors and postulates supernumerary motivators to provide comfort. Institutional outcomes are also examined (Koehn, 2000).\r\nReferences\r\nChinn, P.L., & Kramer, M.K. (2011). Integrated theory and knowledge of development in\r\nnursing (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier\r\nKoehn, M. (2000) Alternative and complementary therapies for labor and birth: an application of\r\nKolcaba’s theory of holistic comfort. Holistic Nursing Practice. 15(1):66-77 Kolcaba, K. (1992). Holistic comfort: Operationalizing the constructs as a nurse-sensitiveOutcome. Advances in Nursing Science, 15(1), 1-10, p. 6. Kolcaba, K. (1994) A theory of holistic comfort for nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing\r\n19: 1178-1184\r\nKolcaba, K. & DiMarc o, M.A. (2005) Comfort theory and its application to pediatric nursing.\r\nPediatric Nursing, 31(3), 187-194\r\nParker, M.E., & Smith, M.C. (2010), Nursing theories and nursing practice (3rd ed.)\r\nPhiladelphia, P.A.: F.A. Davis companionship\r\nPowers, B.A., & Knapp, T.R. (2011). Dictionary of nursing theory and research (4th ed.).\r\nYork: Springer Publisher Company\r\n'

'Legalizing weed\r'

'THESIS STATEMENT: Legalizing cannabis proves to fork up more than beneficial effect or consequences on our federation as a total than banning it, as could be proven by some other(a)wise countries wherein purchase of cannabis is decriminalised.Legalizing cannabis had been unrivaled of the most controversial issues on m each(prenominal) societies. hemp could be obtained from a plant named â€Å"cannabis sativa”. hemp’s most dynamic element is delta tetrahyddrocannibino or precisely THC. THC is the atomic government issue 53 responsible for the room muckle disturbs high at a time they partd hemp. ganja is c onlyed in a number of cogitates such(prenominal)(prenominal) as grass, mary jane, smoke, pot, weed, etc.  Most plurality baffle certain connotation that cannabis is something which is worsened and bruising. Most think of marihuana as zero superlative exactly illegal do drugss. However, marihuana too has its medical exam sub routines which would be discussed later on this paper. There is in like manner wide range impression that cannabis could every make or break a person. If cannabis is affaird on medicinal purposes only therefore the results atomic number 18 considered helpful but when used for other reasons and thusly the result would be deadly. These claims would all be tested on this paper. The main question would be whether legalizing cannabis would cause more positive or negative set up on the idiosyncratics apply it as surface as on the fiat as a whole.ARGUMENT ON LIBERTYM whatever plenty condemn the use of marihuana because of its harmful set up on the society as well as on the individuals liveliness in that particular society. It is basically because of the raft’s fear of the harmful consequences of cannabis on which they argue that cannabis sativa be banned. The nullifyion of exploitation cannabis is covers supported with claims like legalizing it would cause corporeal harm on our society especially on young adults. There atomic number 18 claims that most community under the age of 18 may have open access on marijuana. Another instrument is some great deal tactual sensations that even tidy sum whose 18 years of age and above often do not know the consequences of their actions and thus they could not root for their own selves. There are claims that continuous use of marijuana would result to violence and in this need marijuana very ought to be banned.First and foremost, an argument development John Stuart Mill as well as the liberals’ point of view regarding freedom is due on this paper. Mill strongly believes that the raise as well as the other mint does not have any right whatsoever to interfere with other peck’s businesses unless the said pot’s activities prove to be harmful on the society or on other individual. Not simply because other mass find’s one action to be offensive or not to tha t person’s liking it already respect that that person has a right to limit or to prohibit other plenty from doing exactly what they please. For one, individual A may not find marijuana to his liking and thus vow to never use it, however, not simply because Person A does not like marijuana it already follows that he could prohibit Person B from development marijuana.The state could also not intrude on Person’s B’s freedom to smoke marijuana provided that Person B does not cause the state or the state’s individual any harm. There are arguments which state that most people who use marijuana gets violent and thus marijuana should be prohibited. In a expression marijuana could be likened to spirituous beverages. There are people who tend to get violent once they get drunk but most people often just go home after beverage and then they go to sleep. Thus, if alcohol could be legalized then why is it that marijuana ought to be banned? convulsive person te nds to get more violent once they get drunk, and such is also the case with marijuana. marihuana makes a person feels high but it does not make a person violent as long as you are not inherently a violent person.ARGUMENT ON COST AND FAILUREOn equipment casualty of cost to the regimen there are people who believe that once marijuana is legalized a lot of people would have open access to the drug thus heightening the likelihood that more people would have to go to refilling centers in effectuate to cure them of their addiction. These people argue that expenses used on rehabilitation centers are supported by people’s taxes thus legalizing marijuana would be an additional burden for the rest of the society. However, these arguments do not real prove to be valid, and often they are gear up to be unsupported or based on very shaky grounds of argumentation added to the concomitant that prohibition of the use of marijuana is not actually effective.Most countries and individ uals do not really support the legalisation of marijuana especially since they consider marijuana as harmful. Marijuana may be harmful but so is cigarette and alcohol and nonetheless cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are legal for use. With the endless efforts of the government to function or to track down people who uses and who concern marijuana on the country peoples taxes just go to waste. In contrast to the arguments of those who are not in favor of legalizing marijuana on the basis that rehabilitation centers cost a lot and is a burden to the society as a whole, pro legalisation of marijuana would argue that the endless efforts of the government and of other individuals to prohibit the use of marijuana is what really costs a lot of money.The endless campaign against drugs, the imprisoning of right-hand(a) people who just happened to like using marijuana in spite of their being peaceful, these are all a waste of time and money. Compared to other drugs marijuana is not that harmful and marijuana is just as addicting as cigarettes and alcohol yet these two are not prohibited by the government (Weinstein, 1999). Besides, if we would realize at it in a certain way we would see that everything around us is indeed harmful once interpreted in extra. For one, high caloric foods got harmful make on our body yet they are not banned. In a way marijuana is just like those foods with high calorie, and excess use of it could have harmful effects on one’s body yet when it comes to take the government does not really imprison people who eat in excess.Aside from that kind of of wasting the government’s resources as well as the people’s taxes on chasing marijuana sellers and users, the government should kind of legalize the use of marijuana and earn cyberspace from it by putting taxes on the sells of it. Should truth be told the government is just do marijuana traffickers richer by illegalizing it in spite of the fact that they could not really stop the use of marijuana no question what they do. People still use marijuana in spite of it being illegal and the government is pass money on the prohibition of it without earning anything in re device, thus, they moldiness reverse their strategy and earn dineros from marijuana and spend most of their time and resources on chasing the real harmful criminals such as killers, robbers, etc.ARGUMENT ON addiction AND IGNORANCEThere are people who fight the legalization of marijuana to the extent. In spite of the medicinal uses of marijuana these people still do not wish to legalize it due to certain arguments like patients would rely more on marijuana to alleviate their pain instead of on normal medical procedures. This particular belief was mostly caused by their belief that marijuana is addicting. meet like all drugs they believe that marijuana is addicting and thus it would be hard to quit once you started using it especially since it causes withdrawal method syndromes. Additional factor is their belief that legalizing marijuana would heighten the numbers of people using it.The reason why many people turn against marijuana and why they dislike it so much is mainly due to their ignorance. Many people views marijuana as addictive and they believe that it causes harmful effects on individuals. During the late 1930s marijuana was fabricated to be some kind of a soporiferous mainly because they were mostly used by people who use narcotics such as opium and the like without making any effort at all to precede a research on the real effects of marijuana. The government tried to fight marijuana by being silent and giving harsh penalties believe that by doing so they could protect their youths from being degraded by marijuana. However, silence resulted to ignorance resulting people to believe the worse on marijuana.As mentioned earlier people believed that marijuana is addictive. however a research conducted by Dr. Jack Henningfield and Dr. Neal Benow its proved that marijuana is not really addictive. They proved that cigarettes and alcohols are in fact more addicting than marijuana. It was also proven that marijuana does not cause any withdrawal syndromes on those people who wish to quit from using it (Wikman, 2000). Also in regards to others belief that legalizing marijuana would growth the people using it, Holland would be the finest example to renounce that claim. Marijuana was already legalized in Holland since 1976 and since that time the number of people using marijuana decreased by 40%. Other states in America which also legalized the use of marijuana did not show any proof that legalizing marijuana would increase the number of people using it (Meiners, 2000).CONCLUSIONOverall this paper gave sufficient evidences that the legalization of marijuana would more likely cause positive effects on the society than negative ones. Study showed that marijuana is not really effective and that alcohol and nicotine is in fact more a ddictive and more harmful than marijuana. Also, anything in excess is bad and thus marijuana should be blamed for people’s misbehaviour because even when someone does not smoke marijuana yet he drinks a lot then it would also surely cause harmful effects on that person’s body. Another point is that not since you views something as distasteful it would also have that that person would abide by your rules and would quit doing what he wants to do especially if it does not cause any harm on the society and on the individual living on it. The government should also focus their attentions more on more serious crimes than the role of marijuana. The government should also try to earn profit from the sells of marijuana to better help the nation. Marijuana is cypher really serious especially if not taken in excess thus, marijuana ought to be legalized.References:Wikman, Eric. â€Å"legalisation of Marijuana.” 2000.Meiners, Roger E. The Legal Environment of Business Ci ncinnati: Ohio South western sandwich CollegePublishing, 2000.Weinstein, Sanford. The Educator’s Guide to Substance maltreatment Prevention Mahwah, N.J.Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Incorporated, 1999.\r\n'

'Cuban Missile Crisis Bibliography\r'

'Annotated Bibliography Assignment. Divine, Robert A. The Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: Markus Weiner Publishing, 1988. This hold scripted by Robert Divine is an historic overview of the most(prenominal) important events, causes, and the consequences after and during Cuban Missile Crisis novelty of 1962 This author provides a concise but not oversimplified review of the many complicated aspects of this affair; wich brought the domain of a function to the age of nuclear war.This watchword helps me to waste a better point of view nigh tout ensemble Cuban Missile Crisis revolution of 1962 including some Cuban points of view and also American points of view, wich are actually important to have a better sagaciousness of this big event. Garthoff, Raymond L. â€Å"Reflections on the Cuban Missile Crisis”. working capital D. C. : The Brookings , 1989. In this handwriting Garthoff has revised earlier digest to make the most accurate, eye-opening story yet of the 1962 cr isis.This harbour focuses in the nature of the crisis, its consequences and its lessons for the future, It provides a combination of memoir, historical analysis and political interpretation, and also it gives particular trouble to the aftermath of the crisis. This helps me to solve how this war happened and how it affected the world. Laurence Chang, scape Kornbluh. The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962. New York: The New Press, 1992.In this platter written by Chang and Kornbluh, are released documents reveal fitting how dangerously close the world came to nuclear decease in 1962 and also provides me the official correspondence mingled with John F. Kennedy, Nikita Khrushchev and Fidel Castro. It focuses on the political decisions between countries and how they controlled this crisis. This book would help to understand the political problems and the relationships between these countries. pack G. Blight, Bruce J. Allyn and David A. Welch. Cuba in the brink.New york: Pantheon Books, 1 993. This book is an analysis of Cuba, Its relations with the superpowers, and its role during the missile crisis is superb and unmatched in the brisk scholarship on this topic This book helps me to endure more about Cuba and to have more contexts in Cuba’s role in this crisis, also this book tells me about the political and social intentions of the U. S. A over Cuba. And how they found a solution to this problem. Topping, Seymour. On the effort Lines of the Cold War : An AmericanCorrespondents Journal from the Chinese civil War to the Cuban Missile Crisis and Vietnam. Los Angeles: LSU Press , 2010. This e-book was written trough several researches by Seymour, This book helps me to notice more about this Big war and to have a background to see how this war is link to Cuban Missile Crisis, and how Cuba was involved in this enormous problem. This book focuses on Cuban history and its relation with the world problems. I found it very interest and useful because give me m ore information about Cuban history.\r\n'

'Leaders and subordinates in Spain Essay\r'

'Influenced by its collectivist past, family values, a sense of individuation and be considerableing to a group, argon constitutive partitioninging of society in Spain. They c ar for each other(a) in society like a family. For many another(prenominal) Spanish people, the family is effectively a replace manpowert for the press bug out. Generally, Spaniards be in truth conservative and they forget resist making purposes on hazardous matters, particularly if the consequences of their decision would reckon other people. Thus, most Spaniards will look for re inspection and repair and approval of family, friends and co-workers before acting on their own.\r\nThe Spanish believe if you ar not a part of a group, neighbourhood, town or melodic line organic law then you argon not an integral part of society. This important aspect of the Spanish collectivist destination might restrict rail line activities and force the ‘ outsider’ and visitors to the country to bea r down their ‘outsider’ view by fitting into a group. However, regarding ainized attri exclusivelyes, individuality is highly valued in Spain, along with an ferocity on character and social location. Therefore, personal qualities, appearance, ikon and\r\npersonal relationships be extremely substantial elements in modern Spanish culture. Also, personal attributes and character argon frequently valued as highly as technical ability, stimulate or professional competence. dapple world quite collectivists in their private lives the Spanish show decided identity in business context. When doing business in Spain, you will discover that individualism is especially predominant in focus, where Spanish managers atomic number 18 less inclined to prefer group decision making and team orientation, as sharing the incumbrance of decision-making is seen as a sign of weakness.\r\nMotivation is found on individual rather than collective relationships. The point that onl y the individual in highest authority makes the terminal decision indicates that decision-making can become very bleak and tedious, for many levels of management will set about a shit to be consulted in commit to analyse the proposition. Therefore, it is crucial to move back h ageing a good relationship with these intermediaries in order to succeed. Spain organism a feministic society points to a gloomy level of differentiation and discrimination between genders in Spanish society.\r\nMachismo is the word for male dominance, and the culture of old men who created it has changed dramatically. Spain has become a very equalitarian society where women be present at universities and work. However, men yet hold the majority of positions within companies. The savvy for that is that Spanish men still restrain to swear out women as equals in society. Many women in Spain atomic number 18 career oriented and look high positions in society. Their social and educational status a lot assigns the procedure they eventually play in business.\r\nDespite the rise women have made up to date, the change of women nerve-racking to achieve higher positions is progressing very slowly, due to the major barrier of it being the mentality of the females themselves. An example for changed/ changing attitudes is Soledad Becerril who became not only the first mayoress in the primordial 90’s but withal a symbol for many women in Spain of how Spanish females have made progress in the finally years. She was overly the first woman to become minister in the government, in 1981. And that is very probatory of how Spain has changed and how it continues to do so.\r\nFurtherto a greater extent, masculinity and femininity can be referred to the goals that are aimed for in professional life. Spain being a feministic society indicates issues of guarantor of the billet, good employer-employee relationship, pleasant cooperation with the colleagues and friendly work environ ment. Also, Spanish managers fly the coop to pay more precaution to consensus and apart(predicate) from that, they like to rely on their intuition. HAMPDEN-TURNER & TROMPENAARS Spaniards tend to particularism rather than universalism. Therefore, at work Spanish seek gratification through personal relationships, especially with their superiors.\r\nmagnetic leadership find it easy to put their personal stamp on every area in a business. Most of the time job descriptions in Spain have a different function compared to the job descriptions in other countries. In Spain they seldom serve for selecting an employee, but subsequently they will be tailor for the favoured candidate. Spanish culture tolerates †even advocates †the expression of emotions (affectivity), also in the business environment. The admiration and display of heated, full of life and animated expressions are just as joint as fluent and dramatic delivery of statements in Spain.\r\nPeople from subdued cul tures carry their status everywhere; your boss remains your boss and will call for the same celebrate even if you meet him/her at the gym. Spain indicates to be a specific culture, where official relationships are carefully isolated from relationships of other nature. Using the preceding example it means that you may show respect to your boss at the office but his status will not follow him outside the office, and he/she may well ask you for advice. This explains the Spanish being paradoxical in their decision making and in their relation to the community.\r\nAs a consequence of the concomitant that Spaniards separate work and personal matters, nobody would take work-related criticism personally. Another theory is that people from diff recitation cultures prefer to â€Å"circle around” and establish a relationship before any deal is do; those from specific cultures would rather get straight to the point, focusing on the deal first and the relationship will flow from th at. This definition contradicts the Spanish being a specific society as they need long discussions prior getting down to business and hope to know the person they do business with.\r\nTherefore, networks are quite important. For Spanish, status is a thing that is given over to them because of what they are (ascribed). It does not matter what you do but what or who you are. Ultimately, status and respect are conferred with the assistant of family ties and connections. Concepts like bien educado (good education) and enchufado (good connections) distinguish this phenomenon. Achievement-oriented concepts like ‘pay for action’ cause for incomprehension in societies like Spain.\r\nFUKUYAMA\r\nFukuyama call downs Spain to be a low-trust society where workers are isolated by a series of bureaucratic rules. He strings Spain as a society with strong families and family businesses, a strong state and large foreign owned companies, where hierarchies are prerequisite in order to force those by distinct rules and measures, who do not act out good codes. Evidence of different lead manners in Spain backs up this theory. A use up on ‘Leadership from a Spanish perspectivei?? drafted by Instituto de Empresa and Deloitte stated that 56% of Spanish Directors prefer a participative leadership style.\r\nThe report shows that future tense leaders have to act as coaches, and they mustiness issue their subordinates with the skills and knowhow they need to work efficiently with their teams. However, participative leadership is not the norm among the Spanish directors. Therefore, there is a need for adapting the other styles and make them more participative which requires groovy commitment from the leaders. The styles least favourite(a) by Spanish senior managers are those found on destiny with little or no participation of employees and exception- base management where the director only steps in to severalise out mistakes.\r\nLeaders of relatively n ew businesses are better at leadership styles, which are based on objectives and development. Where different sectors are occupyed, the report unveils how directors in the financial sector tend to use leadership styles that are more direct, transactional and less oriented to learning. age companies in the technology sector give more importance to coaching and vision. MONOCHRONIC vs. POLYCHRONIC Spaniards can be classed as polychronic where nothing seems solid or firm, and there are always changes right up to the very last minute or even in plans for the future.\r\nPolychronic cultures are unconventional and negotiable with time because it is not seen as a resource or as probability cost. Usually start times are flexible and schedules are unrushed. For example, it is not considered to be impolite to remain people waiting, as long as it does not exceed 30 minutes. Since time is also non-linear Spanish tend to manage several tasks at once, often in an unplanned sequence (e. g. sal espeople in stores shed to several people at once rather than give only one customer their attention and taking people in turn; a meeting can be interrupted by a phone call; etc.).\r\nAnother significant cultural difference is the smaller radius of personal space in Spain. Spaniards are most probably not to appologise when bumping into each other or thrust their way through crowds, which can be a shock to visitors from foreign countries. In the business environment, when it comes to forecasting, plans are often based on assumptions, intuition and experience because every day is regarded as unpredictable. Spaniards in the business environment usually make decisions based on judgement, experience and political realities.\r\nThe supervisory style allows for the rules to be circumvented, whereas style and creativity are highly valued. Titles describe a person’s status, which people take pride in, causing great motivation for arguing in organisations. Additionally, personal l ookings affect the performance. Spanish managers feel that the employees must be watched, thus giving them the entirety control where also mistakes can be accuse on other people. However, the supervision is based on trust and some power is still delegated. leading STYLE\r\nGenerally, the leadership style in Spain, in terms of concern for production and concern for people, demonstrates a high concern for people and little concern for production, whereby they try to avoid conflicts and concentrate on being liked, even at the expense of production. Managers in Spain are acquiring some qualities they look up to in other leaders. However, this contradicts with the theory stated above. Nevertheless, evidence suggest that Spanish leaders are still bear on about their leadership style. One of the conclusions of the first study on i??\r\nLeadership from a Spanish perspectivei?? drafted by Instituto de Empresa and Deloitte indicated that 75% of Spain’s directors say that they regul arly, or almost always use coaching, a change style that focuses on employee development. These leadership criteria are inseparable when it comes to competitiveness and organisations’ survival. 41% of directors stated that their preferred style of leadership is contingent reinforcement, which rewards subordinates for their achievements. 37% use the goal-oriented style, based on meeting challenges.\r\nAnalysing the relations between leaders and subordinates in Spain showed that only 46% of Spanish leaders have a good concept of their subordinates. These leaders tend to use coaching as their preferred style of leadership. 26% of survey participants, however, point out having a quite negative concept of their subordinates. These leaders show a clear inclination to use directive and transactional management styles. Finally, the results of the study show understandably that Spanish development-oriented leaders are also very concerned about developing and educating their subordin ates.\r\n'

'Rhetorical Analysis Paper\r'

'Tramy Quach Professor Knapp side 100A, Section 6 Final Draft 03/06/13 RHETORICAL ANALYSIS PAPER Introduction rhetorical dodge is a token of method for generators to insure their writing to purpose an idea or move in up ones mind the contri onlyor. Narration, description, and exemplification argon any(prenominal) of the rhetorical put forwards writer function to grab the reader’s attention. And adjure strong reaction out of the reader. Apart from these strategies, more writers use Aristotles accumulations of Logos, Ethos, and Pathos to persuade the reader. Logos is an take aim to the audiences logic and reason.Pathos is an appeal to the audience’s sentiments and emotions. Ethos is an appeal to the motiveity or reputation of the speaker. Logos is an appeal to the audiences logic and reason. In my rhetorical analysis, I depart be analyzing an name by Heather Mattern called, â€Å" encyclopedism to Breathe”. In this article, Mattern proposes increas ing physical action at law such as running, , consuming raw foods, and adopting a positive mentality to curb opinion. Mattern’s article brings aw arness to health educators, like myself, who focuses on the hear of health touch based issues like food, nutrition, and prevention.Through the use of use poignance and countersign appeals, as well as narration, classifying and diving, and exemplifications to do what? Pathos Through her article, Mattern appeals to our emotions by apply vivid descriptions of depression in order to possess her reader to sympathize and gain aw areness of how stark depression eject affect our mood. In the article, Mattern uses poignancy as an appeal to the reader when she explains, â€Å"I wise to(p)… somewhat one in every octet women could expect to develop clinical depression during their lifetime. galore(postnominal) of these women I know.They are my wizs, mothers popping anti-depressant pills and smiling numbly with an fake hap piness. They know no other flair” (Mattern). Here, Mattern is successful in getting her readers to briefly start out a visual sense of how depression batch eat at one’s ain happiness. . This is especially a powerful tool to order readers if the reader knows allone close or a love one who has dealt with depression. Additionally, through describing the smile as â€Å" coloured”, it stirs up a serious emotions of being empty, without purpose.Furthermore, in her article she writes, â€Å"… my mind held me a prisoner” (Mattern) to modify her readers to gain the mindset of being trapped, which appeals to our fears of being protagonistless and vulnerable. She later describes her mind as a â€Å" warranter” and referrers to her depression as a â€Å"demon. ” Her word plectron of â€Å"demon” and â€Å"hostage” to describes her illness are quarrel that readers are fearful of. In doing such, Mattern wants her readers to now accomplice these feelings of being helpless and afraid with depression.Mattern use pathos appeals in her article to attempts to persuade her reader by stirring the emotions emptiness, fear and vulnerability in hopes that her reader will see and feel what depression sincerely is, a serious disease Logos some other scheme the occasion use is Logos; it refers to any attempt to appeal to the intellect, the general meaning of â€Å" limpid argument. ” Everyday arguments rely heavily on ethos and pathos, nevertheless academic arguments rely more on logos. These arguments accept readers or observers by appealing to reason, logic, and data.An exemplar that was utilize in the article â€Å"…you would never know that she had struggled with eld of depression. She cured her depression without medication” (Mattern). The author is referring to her whiz Beth, who inspired Mattern to conduct her own personalized prescription drug for her depression. Beth is an in fluential example of solidifying her own depression. She explains to Mattern that her transcendental is running and veggies. Beth makes the time early in the morn before her family wakes up, and gets moving. Beth finds the time in the day to piddle back to her body and mind.Beth is an excellent example of curing depression the right way without any artificial chemicals or drugs. Another an illustration Mattern use in her article, â€Å"… I listed three challenges, all-starting with Rs, the three Rs that were discharge to help me: running regularly, raw foods, and right thinking with gratitude. to each one of these has been proven to rationalize focusing and increasing endorphins. Endorphins are a happy chemical †neurotransmitters that are produced in the brain to reduce both stress and pain. They civilize in much the same(p) way as an anti-depressant does” (Mattern).Here the author uses facts to prove her conduction with the three Rs to reduce stress and p ain. Logos strategies has played a royal social occasion in the article because it explained the messages and created a offend pictureing for the reader. Logos strategies was used successfully because the author send a message to the reader that depression could be cure with easy simple go instead of prescription medication. As well as, apply facts and examples to illustration her ideas. Narrations Narrations are another type of strategy that is used in many articles.They are used to capture an image for the reader to relate and make them feel comfortable about what they are reading. In different articles they use narration to spend a penny examples on what they are trying to present. They use past experiences or third person stories to create a adhesiveness with the reader. In the article, Mattern uses narration by having a romance about her difficulty waking up in the morning. Mattern mentions, â€Å"It was hard at first, alarm clock going off at six o’clock and f eet touching an icy cold floor. Bones chilled, goad stiff with goose bumps. The battle was on each day, blankets tempting me to re principal(prenominal) solid in their embrace.I touch on. Running got me out of bed and I oblige a smile onto my face” (Mattern). Mattern used fantastic detail in her narration that it was simple to substantiate and got the message across. This narration delivers a message to the readers so they could relate with this difficulty. The battle that everyone face of waking up early in the morning to do something ample instead of sleeping in a warm cozy bed. The reason why narration was affective in this article because Mattern was able to create a visual story allowing the reader to have some sense of struggle that the audience could all relate to.Classifying and Dividing Classification and portion is defined, â€Å" an important rhetorical strategy when the writer wants to analyze and then group interchangeable items or divide one item up in to separate” (course reader). This approach allows Mattern to organize her ideas and break into veritable(prenominal) parts giving the reader no stress in reading her article and makes it easier for the author to address the main points of each subject in nifty details. Mattern’s article is divided into four parts: depression, running, raw foods, right thinking, and write your own personal prescription.The reader can find certain areas they are interested in or refrain certain areas that they are not interested in. She is able to illustrates a story off each part and give insightful information. Mattern is able to make this so in force(p) that the words are not hard to understand and everything flows with each qualifying. As we can see Division and classification is used smoothly in the passage so that the reader can understand. As a result, the method of organizing the article has do it easier for the author to inform the reader about cr feeding a healthy lifest yle.Exemplifications expire but not least, exemplification was used in the article. This strategy gives examples for enhancing the idea. In an exemplification writing it starts with the main idea, opinion, or belief and then gives a some examples to illustrate the main idea. For example, â€Å"I kept noticing the same two themes: eating a healthy nutriment consisting of lots of raw foods and an adequate amount of exercise. Since my friend had been so successful with her running, I decided that I would give that a try first” (Mattern).The author did research about depression and noticed that eating healthy as well as getting the right amount of exercise was important factors for a health lifestyle. Mattern also uses her friend Beth as an example of turning her life around. Beth also suffered from depression but cured it with running and veggies. Now she is a vivacious influential example to Mattern and many others who suffers from the same problem. Conclusions Overall, mi sgiving rhetorical situation can help commit to strong, audience focused, and well organized writing.Mattern uses pathos and logos appeals, as well as narration, classifying and diving, and exemplifications as her rhetorical strategies. Mattern did a massive job using these strategies extensively in her article. The writing was very detailed; she gave frantic and positive effects to the reader and even made the article inspiring and motivating to read. This article you can see how rhetorical is such a great strategy. We apply these strategies each day of our lives in our essays or journals. There are many different type of writings that are presented in books, news roots or articles.Rhetorical Strategies are just one of the technique that help captures the readers. By doing this rhetorical analysis paper, I feel exceedingly certain in understanding these rhetorical strategies. This paper has help me become more aware about writing techniques. It also allowed me to conclude the r oles of each rhetorical strategy that they all play an important role in producing clear communications through writing. Since, I have great experience with the rhetorical strategies; I am now ready to take on the challenges that may approach me!\r\n'

'Going green\r'

'Argument see muster Going Green Today in our night club we atomic number 18 unceasingly think backing astir(predicate) what we construct to do, how such(prenominal) time we fetch to do it, and what erect we ingestion to get it done. Unfortunately, we do not alship jackpotal think about what effect it is repayage to withdraw on our purlieu. It does not have to be dry land Day to think about world young. Everyone should do their dismantle in making the environment a safer focalize for future generations. To do this, we should reuse and reuse, meet verdure alternatives at home, and lastly moreover faculty to on the wholeay money.There are a few polar ways we ass cut see on coke dioxide emissions. For xample, we kindle wizardryt recycle steel, aluminum, and copper. another(prenominal) is changing honors on discarding sure-enough(a) appliances, re apply and practice middle-aged engines. In Rhode Island starting in 2008 a constabulary was passed stating that manufactures must pull out their own place- bandaging course of instruction or participate in the state run send-back program. Which is a start, but at that place is no law regarding anile engines. Next would be to recycle old garments, and use refillable glass bottles.If we raise pass the laws to pretend it obligatory to reuse more items such as engines, hence we lav cut down on the carbon dioxide from the factories producing radical engines. another(prenominal) way is if we ease up ompanies bid Coca-Cola use refillable glass bottles, consequently we can lessen how much plastic is used yearbook and recycle more often. In 2009, the U. S. generated thirty one thousand thousand rafts of plastic but only recycled twain one thousand thousand tons. I use a recyclable water supply bottle instead of using a new plastic bottle every(prenominal) day. in addition I recycle any account, plastics, and glass I do use daily.These sm tout ensemble things c an make a big difference. In some articles on that point are galore(postnominal) steps to go greens at home with little effort. They invoke allow the saucily air in, wiping ones feet to expurgate using goose egg to clean, make clean green, pulling the plug, and not touching the thermostat. close to articles suggest pull ining ones own bags when obtain, and saying bye to bottled water. When we go to the food market store we should bring reusable shop bags or ask for newspaper bags and recycle afterwards using.In San Francisco, starting the beginning of 2013 all retail stores inquire to no longer have plastic obtain bags they can only have; compostable bags, recycled paper bags, or reusable bags. With this transmit the retail stores are without delay going to be charging ten cents per shopping bag. If we do this every time we go to the marketplace store, then we can cut back on how many plastic bags are used, which an remedy our environment. I myself purchased a few reusable bags which I bring with me every time I go grocery shopping.Finally, there are also some ways to reduce ability and theatre expenses. To do this we should be tiptop (lower) the home thermostat, brew ones own coffee, offspring the â€Å"change a light” pledge which is to business deal a regular light bulb for an brawn star light bulb or CFL bulb. another(prenominal) is to repeal off and unplug electronics. Be cognizant of paper products, make homemade cleaning products, and allow costume dry outside on the line. Another is slow down down on the highway, cutting back on driving by arpooling, and lastly, planting a tree.If we can all take charge and take a few of these steps such as unplugging electronics, using the dryer less, carpooling to work every day, then these innocent steps can change our lives. By desegregation these steps into our lives little by little, we can all cut back on how much efficacy we use. In 2008, the average cost for household button was close to six thousand dollars. on the dot changing to a dial thermostat can save families hundred fifty dollars per year and by go down the thermostat can save quintette percent on their energy bill. Consequently, these steps can save families money.In conclusion, we all need to take a few moments out of our day to think or actually do these tips on how to be â€Å"green”, then we could dramatically lessen our bear upon on our planet. But it doesnt retributory stop with what our families do. We should pass the tips on to other family members and friends to get new ideas. Everyone should do their part in making the environment a safer place for future generations. It is important that we reuse and recycle, regain green alternatives at home and save both energy and money in the long run. If we all Just practice these few simple tips on universe â€Å"green”, then we will have a cleaner planet.\r\nGoing green\r\nArgument Essay Draft Going Green Today in our society we are always thinking about what we have to do, how much time we have to do it, and what can we use to get it done. Unfortunately, we do not always think about what effect it is going to have on our environment. It does not have to be Earth Day to think about being green. Everyone should do their part in making the environment a safer place for future generations. To do this, we should reuse and recycle, find green alternatives at home, and lastly save energy to save money.There are a few different ways we can cut down on carbon dioxide emissions. For xample, we can start recycling steel, aluminum, and copper. Another is changing laws on discarding old appliances, reusing and rebuilding old engines. In Rhode Island starting in 2008 a law was passed stating that manufactures must run their own take-back program or participate in the state run take-back program. Which is a start, but there is no law regarding old engines. Next would be to recycle old garments, and use re fillable glass bottles.If we can pass the laws to make it mandatory to reuse more items such as engines, then we can cut down on the carbon dioxide from the factories producing new engines. Another way is if we make ompanies like Coca-Cola use refillable glass bottles, then we can reduce how much plastic is used yearly and recycle more often. In 2009, the U. S. generated thirty million tons of plastic but only recycled two million tons. I use a reusable water bottle instead of using a new plastic bottle every day. Also I recycle any paper, plastics, and glass I do use daily.These small things can make a big difference. In some articles there are many steps to go green at home with little effort. They suggest letting the fresh air in, wiping ones feet to reduce using energy to clean, cleaning green, pulling the plug, and not touching the thermostat. Some articles suggest bringing ones own bags when shopping, and saying bye-bye to bottled water. When we go to the grocery store we shou ld bring reusable shopping bags or ask for paper bags and recycle after using.In San Francisco, starting the beginning of 2013 all retail stores need to no longer have plastic shopping bags they can only have; compostable bags, recycled paper bags, or reusable bags. With this change the retail stores are now going to be charging ten cents per shopping bag. If we do this every time we go to the grocery store, then we can cut back on how many plastic bags are used, which an save our environment. I myself purchased a few reusable bags which I bring with me every time I go grocery shopping.Finally, there are also some ways to reduce energy and household expenses. To do this we should be raising (lower) the home thermostat, brew ones own coffee, take the â€Å"change a light” pledge which is to swap a regular light bulb for an energy star light bulb or CFL bulb. Another is to turn off and unplug electronics. Be mindful of paper products, make homemade cleaning products, and let cl othes dry outside on the line. Another is slowing down on the highway, cutting back on driving by arpooling, and lastly, planting a tree.If we can all take charge and take a few of these steps such as unplugging electronics, using the dryer less, carpooling to work every day, then these simple steps can change our lives. By integrating these steps into our lives little by little, we can all cut back on how much energy we use. In 2008, the average cost for household energy was close to six thousand dollars. Just changing to a dial thermostat can save families hundred fifty dollars per year and by turning down the thermostat can save five percent on their energy bill. Consequently, these steps can save families money.In conclusion, we all need to take a few moments out of our day to think or actually do these tips on how to be â€Å"green”, then we could dramatically lessen our impact on our planet. But it doesnt Just stop with what our families do. We should pass the tips on t o other family members and friends to get new ideas. Everyone should do their part in making the environment a safer place for future generations. It is important that we reuse and recycle, find green alternatives at home and save both energy and money in the long run. If we all Just practice these few simple tips on being â€Å"green”, then we will have a cleaner planet.\r\n'

'American Express Essay\r'

' fairish Wittenburg, the plaintiff in this case filed an geezerhood variation lawsuit against American Express Financial Advisors, Inc. ’s (AEFA). AEFA filed a motion for summary judgment, the district romance granted and the United States Court of Appeals, Eighth perimeter affirmed. Wittenburg started working at AEFA Equity investing division (EID) in November 1998 at the season of 46 (Walsh, 2011). harmonize to the portfolio managers, Wittenburg provided outstanding service and displayed excellent investment skills and in 2000, she was name Analyst of the Year (Walsh, 2011).\r\nIn 2001, AEFA hired a stark naked Chief Investment officeholder (CIO) and 2002 the CIO initiated a re build of EID. The project would take just closely deuce years; add an additional terzetto portfolio managers, a new satellite office and the uniting or movement of certain funds to AEFA’s satellite office (Walsh, 2011). During a discussion regarding new hires, the CIO declared he was non averse to hiring young managers or psychoanalysts to grow with the fel woefulship (Walsh, 2011). The new design plan would include a reduction in force (RIF) which according to the CIO was necessary.\r\nThe first RIF apprized Al Henderson, age 62. Henderson made a comment that Dan Rivera told him that AEFA fire him because the company wanted to retain the young employees (Walsh, 2011). The plump for RIF eliminated three analyst positions but primarily think on portfolio managers. During the second RIF, a team of managers reviewed about 25 people in the part boastful each a rating of keep, perhaps keep, maybe, maybe drop or drop (Walsh, 2011). They used the ratings to set leaders about the individuals in the department and in late 2002 held a meeting to discuss employee ratings.\r\nWittenburg receive a low rating because of poor death penalty and negative input provided by portfolio managers but proceed in her current position during the second RIF. Wittenburg along with two early(a) analysts were terminated when the third RIF occurred; Wittenburg was 51 and the some other two were 41 and 36. Wittenburg applied for a portfolio manager, she did not get the position and sued AEFA claiming Age distinction in Employment Act (ADEA) (Walsh, 2011).\r\nWittenburg’s plea would rely on statements from co-workers such as â€Å"those that were young” â€Å"not averse to hiring young portfolio managers” and notes that indicated the analyst department would maybe add a junior somebody. In fashioning a decision, the mash will visualize if the statements were made by decision clerics or by someone who may influence the decision to terminate the plaintiff, the gap between statements and the date of termination, and if the statement itself was discriminatory or merely an opinion.\r\nThe CIO’s comment regarding the company’s willingness to hire younger workers was a public comment. The statement was not discri minatory nor did it establish that age was the basis for Wittenburg’s termination over a year ago. The reference to adding a junior person did not show discriminatory intent and Wittenburg did not prove the employee equated junior person to a younger person or how such a note of hand denoted to her termination. Wittenburg admitted that Rivera was not a decision patch upr in the 2003 RIF and his statement made to Henderson did not relate to her termination.\r\nThe court decided that these comments did not establish a pretext based on AEFA’s nondiscriminatory aim given for her termination. A total of 31 analyst were affected by the 2002 and 2003 RIF, 17 of the analyst were 40 years old or older and of the 17, sestet were terminated, four resigned and seven retained their jobs (Walsh, 2011). In addition, thither were four terminated, two resigned, two transferred and six retained their positions of the 14 analysts who were not in the protected family line (Walsh, 2 011).\r\nThere were two members, ages 41 and 46, of the protected strain who ranked first and second during the 2002 analyst ratings and the two analyst terminated in 2003 were both younger than Wittenburg, one was 41 and the other 36 (Walsh, 2011). another(prenominal) analyst in the protected class whose age was the same as Wittenburg survived the 2003 RIF. Wittenburg’s accusation that hit were manipulated to retain younger employees during the 2002 RIF by ranking them in the â€Å"keep” category even though their haemorrhoid were low was actually a moot channelize as she survived the 2002 RIF even though her score was low putting her in the maybe keep category.\r\nAEFA stated they needed however one Technology empyrean analyst and then redistributed the workload amongst other employees, Wittenburg argues that pretext was shown however, as stated by the court, â€Å"employers practically distribute a discharged employee’s duties to other employees perfo rming related work for legitimate reasons” (Walsh, 2011). As far as the two vacancies, those were among the 10 analysts who had survived the RIF, they were not new positions (Walsh, 2011). The decision to downsize and redesign the Equity Investment Department was for the betterment of the company.\r\nWittenburg’s argument that AEFA only relied on her 2002 instruction execution review in making their decision to terminate does not help her case. The court noted there is nothing discriminatory in an employer choosing to rely on recent performance entropy in deciding which employees to RIF (Walsh, 2011). American Express had not been doing very well and the CIO explained analyst’s performance evaluations on an annual basis are heavy because consumers look at one-year performance and make decisions (Walsh, 2011).\r\n'