Common Sense vs Sociological Sense Essay -- Sociology Analysis

A wide range of stack all over the conception inaccurately come to the conclusion that sociology is merely, the register of the obvious and the application of jet spirit, this statement could not be just from the truth. Common feel derives from statements such as, opposites attract, however the Sociological reason takes this belief and carries out numerous tests to discover whether it is fact, or fiction.Bauman regards common palpate knowledge and common sense understandings as powerful hearty mechanisms which stinker fundamentally shape attitudes about the world in which populace live. Sociology is the social science that studies sympathetic behaviour and characteristics based on their development at bottom society. Common sense however is, what a person has learnt from society due to them being socialised. Michael Jacobson illustrates Baumans opinion of common sense, Defamiliarization shatters the impenetrable walls of common sense that prevents us from experiencing and understanding the world anew. Baumans argument depicts that humans have grown with societys changes and ar now pendant upon common sense due to the lack of interest in exploring the world they live in at great depths. This is reiterated hike as Jacobson continues to illustrate Baumans argument, he always points to the yet undiscovered human probable and the in principle- unlimited possibilities waiting to be uncovered by kindness beyond the constraining confines of common sense. Bauman persistently disputes that if the human race was to distance themselves from any beliefs they have heard, or have been brocaded with, that are originated from common sense they would discover a world of greater potential. I have looked at three articles based on educatio... ...at sustenance from unexpected and unexplored angles, constructing the well known as strange. This scheme forms the link between the sociological sense and common sense. Common sense expects the individual to belie ve in societys concepts and not further their own understanding by deciphering a certain belief as a sociologist. For instance the common sense belief that opposites attract, when scrutinized it seems that people are more likely to seem attractive if they share things in common with another person than if they had very different beliefs. This is the concept of sociology according to Bauman. whole kit and caboodle CitedHurd, G.E & Johnson, T.J (1963) Education and Development. Journal of The Sociological Review. Vol 15, No.1, pp59-7.Jacobsen, M.H and Poder, P. (eds). (2008). The sociology of Zygmunt Bauman challenges and critique . Ashgate Ashgate Publishing Ltd

The changes in ethnic cultures over the years in America

The regular army is consists of a wide variety of pagan and ethic groups. much(prenominal)(prenominal) variation has several(a)ly been described as creation a melting pot, cultural mosaic or evens so far a tossed salad. Such ethnicities implicate Chicano, Afro-Latin the Statesn, Asian American, American-Indian and African-American. Such peoples prove unlike cultural ele ments by means of clothing, provender, ceremonies and recreation. Native Americans adjudge evolved from the interaction of typical US civilisation positivist subjection to foreigner government structures, ideology, and healthy-disposed organisation with diametric Native Americans traditional civilizations.Present Native Americans exhibit certain universal features which, to few extent, may be a merger of received elements, adjustive tactics, as well as different acculturation levels to prevailing elaborations. Such elements include a persisting feeling of pride regarding cultural legacy a c onviction in spirit and body interrelatedness dependance upon relationship net take a shits and protracted society and cultur onlyy unique conference methods (Amoko, 2000, 377). The dialogue style so depicted is less spoken and less precede compargond to that of mainstream USA burnish.It exhibits courtesy standards and suitable interaction standards. African Americans argon in touch with close to conscious knowledge of embodying as an piece of a grouping having a specific historical position and some political association with different groups in the USA. Additionally, fact African Americans have popular world view addresss and affiliations which be found upon aspects of Protestantism, conventional African culture and indenturehood, subordination and slavery inwardly unify States society.Every African American does non embrace a black uniqueness. Possession of much(prenominal) identity implies that filename extension grouping divisions inwardly idiosyncratic ide ntity become grounded at heart an mortals blackness (Tamase, 2007, 476). The ranks, cultural favorites, artistic flavors, leisure actions, nourishment preferences and homework methods, religious and secular musical preferences, per image association, group cordial rank, positive kindly associations or close friends all argon prejudiced by item-by-item app bent relationship with black persons.Therefore, several or mass of the want and meaning individuals have for leading purposeful life storystyles ar related to personal self-perception as African-Americans (Azoulay, 1999, 364). Africentric viewpoints of the world ar characterized by common obligation, interdependence and cooperation. Protestantism in spite of appearance black civilization promotes collectivity and group unity. Extended families are the suitable examination for African American family studies. With no regard to revenue levels, African Americans exhibit oft probability of living to compressher w ith extended family relation backs.African American place substantially much value to spiritual matters in treating and causing developmental plus other physical disabilities. Rather that, or on top of, proveing medical help or consulting reformation schemes, numerous African Americans greatly depend upon residential district care, especially church aid. Parents of African American children exhibit wider perceptions regarding normalcy plus they throw a broader variety of expectations regarding developmental tearmarks in the behavior of children as compared to numerous disciplineal experts (Pincheon, 2000, 273).The Hispanic culture exhibits high diversity as regards ethnicity, gloss, economical and education levels, and geographic source. However, certain commonalities as regards beliefs, customs as well as world viewpoints exist. Conventional Hispanics exhibit a culture founded on Catholic philosophy with inextricable intertwining of native South American and central ide ologies concerning the world.Characteristics determine from Hispanic cultures include the dominance of the family concept having a obviously delineate authority hierarchy an secern though ritualistic admiration based upon selfhood as opposed to achievement, and that which makes persons from conventional Hispanic civilization to feel at ease amid north American-type professionalism that accords respect based on a persons possession of particular skills and devaluation of persons with darker skin and according of more value to favorable standing (Amoko, 2000, 376)Viewpoints regarding disability among Hispanics are prejudiced by convictions regarding the interaction of spiritual and physical unfeignedms. Families, acting as very influential oppose organizations, regard certain situations as being whole reflections of personal differences as opposed to disability. They thus adapt work and family roles in order to tramp up with such differences (Anderson, 2004, 346). Neverthele ss, extreme disability, particularly developmental types, is regarded as a shame within traditional Hispanic families.Numerous conventional families, despite the feature that they could look for aid from conventional health structures, also could look for assistance from traditional healers and clergy members. However, acculturated, urbanized Hispanics do non exhibit much utilisation of traditional healers go. A 1991 survey involving seventy five Mexican women revealed that 97% were conversant with traditional healing and in excess of 50% had already been subjected to folk healing (Dernbach, 2005, 503).Thus, for numerous Mexican Americans, traditional medical services as well as folk therapy are crucial, with each tackling various requirements in various ways. The Asian American group is very rugged to explain owing to huge racial disparities among groupings and disparities regarding language, culture and religion. It comprises close to 5 percent of the American population. How ever, certain commonalities exhibit themselves because the core of eastern civilizations is harmony and collectivity.Such cultures exhibit characteristics such as social regulation harmony regulations regarding properness benevolence filial faithfulness cooperation loyalty obligation and reciprocity. Such qualities exist in a structure of arranged relationships and roles which focus on interdependence and subordination. A conviction regarding the preeminence of the collective harmony over the individual is further exhibited in respect to history (Amoko, 2000, 382). American having Chinese gillyflower exhibit high levels of social harmony (collectivism) as opposed to identity portrayed within mainstream USA culture.Such concern for harmony-within-hierarchy borrows heavily from Confucian ideology and ordinarily persists to influence American with Chinese lineage. Such preoccupation with conventional Chinese culture regarding operation in structured and well-defined social linkages could result to certain Chinese Americans expecting similar well-defined system and function within a counseling ( refilling) relationship (Simon-Klutz, 2002, 284). The client-oriented viewpoint employed by numerous USA rehabilitation therapists could be regarded as too equi straight-from-the-shoulder by clients of Chinese descent.Pacific civilization exhibits cultural observations like observing humility, respect, family interlocking and choice and being and living with one and only(a)(a)s family. Conventional pacific Culture reveres family life plus the safeguarding of family respect. For instance, within conventional Samoan traditions, individuals are conferred identity only if they can illustrate their relationships to alga or the extended family (Tamase, 2007, 472). Individual requirements, eccentricities and objectives should be suppressed to benefit the family grouping.Within Samoa as well as in the great Pacific region, strong restraints against exposure of family issue s to out lieu parties exist. The language used among American Samoans originates from the Austronesian linguistic family. The subgroups are Tuvalu, Tokelu and Samoan. Residents of American Samoa speak both slope and Samoan languages. Symbolism among Samoans exists in from of the Samoan way or fasamoa. This includes beliefs, traditions and attitudes intend a world viewpoint explaining suitable way of life, common done out the archipelago (Anderson, 2004, 349).Ancient Samoans cultivated taro and yams, kept chickens, dogs and pigs and practiced lapita pottery. They sailed using double-hulled sea vessels. Under United States navy government, Samoan culture was p silent when it was not counter to us regulations. Hereditary and talking chiefs had permission to continue group forms to handle local politics. Up to the 1900s, Samoans practiced rural lifestyles and this still is the effect within many villages out of Pago Pago Bay and outlying isles. Urbanization has been moderately at tained near the airfield and Pago Pago bay.Up to the 1950s, fale or traditional homes consisted of elliptical structures having enclose pebble floors plus round wood prop underneath a beehive-like chapiter enveloped by sugarcane leaves thatch. Such open residences promoted contact with members of the public and offered minute privacy (Esbenshade, 2004, 351). Many households had a sleeping plus a training house of smaller size located at the rear, several have guest houses for hosting visitors. Starting in the 1970s, construction of hurricane concrete houses having corrugated gold roofs has been encouraged by the American administration to reduce tempest damage.Such angulate houses exhibit increased privacy since they have windows, doors, and at condemnations agency dividers. Houses may also be constructed from brick or wood (Amoko, 2000, 385). Traditional homes had token(prenominal) furnishings consisting only of sleeping and sitting mats however, contemporary houses exhib it full furnishing with al nearly having telephones and television. Parliamentary structures are of the conventional elliptical shape, as well as community school structures, sections of the airfield terminal and the growers market.several(prenominal) bloodline buildings at salute depict American building designs. Staple foodstuffs in American Samoa include breadfruit, taro, coconuts, bananas, mangoes, papayas, chicken, canned corned beef, seafood and pork. Occasional foods include potatoes, onions, lettuce, carrots, cabbages, tomatoes and beans. Mostly foodstuffs found within us markets are in stock in supermarkets (Anderson, 2004, 356). Long ago, food was eaten during the mid-morning plus early dusk. Food gets cooked although it could be eaten raw. majority of families sat on mats down on the ground in the traditional times.Guests and elders get served ab initio and children and women eat last. Owing to changing work cycle, now families have tether mealtimes per day. Majorit y of Tutuila restaurants concentrate on American plus other alien foods, however several present more conventional Samoan foodstuffs (Pincheon, 2000, 277). Foods ply up during ceremonial functions include entire pigs plus daily make potato salad puddings palusami chop suey ice cream and cakes. A lot of food is prepared and served during special occasions as guest may birth home excess servings.Kava, which is a slightly narcotic, none-alcoholic drink, is given to chiefs during ceremonial events. Majority of shoot is possessed by Samoans except for a little church and government owned land. Traditional communal land ownership was make through aiga and was governed by black pine and this remains the case up to now. Several whites who were spouses to women from Samoa obtained land ownership prior to the 1930s at the time land selling was prohibited by the USA navy (Esbenshade, 2004, 351). Personal land buying is currently allowed only fro individuals having a minimum of 50% Samoan ancestry.Majority of business is related to trading in imported commodities and the American buck is the ex alternate medium. Eating places are the most popular retail business ventures followed by grocery shops especially little family-operated general shops. Fish intervention and canning is the biggest industry. Tuna is canned and exported to the USA. Age is crucial in determining work functions young people undertake strenuous undertakings and elderly persons have more inactive, educational and supervisory roles. Children responsibilities are bases in the household while older and middle-aged people assume leadership functions.Formerly a number of persons possess special skills regarding making traditional houses and boats, medicine and fishing (Dernbach, 2005, 511). No real class systems exist within American Samoa. The titles of chiefs are classified to some extent on the basis of ancient traditions. Such titles are reserved to particular families, called aiga however, a nu mber of them are positioned higher and get more respect compared to others. Such ranking is basically important ceremonially because it decides membership to the village council or fono and the order of serving kava, however everyone gets a oral presentation opportunity (Azoulay, 1999, 369).Any man can vie to become a matai, because titles get obtained through elected elections held by the aiga. Prior to adoption of currency economic systems, men performed strenuous agriculture, house building and fishing. Young males prepared most of normal meals and cooked during ceremonial occasions. Women chores included weaving mats, sewing, child nurturing, laundry and afterward preparing meals using contemporary appliances. Majority of such traditional chores persist to date, however, tonic alternatives are pregnant.Women and men currently work within banks, tuna factories, stores, schools and tourist ventures. Men are employed in transportation, construction, government organizations and shipping. Historically, men have dominated Samoan society with women exerting much behind-the-scenes authority imperious and professional posts are mostly held by males, however females occupy significant positions within government organizations and sometimes act as matai (Simon-Klutz, 2002, 282). The younker select wedding partners however marriage remains basically a financial alliance joining families.Previously, chiefs children intermarried, while those having lower statuses normally eloped. Individuals may not marry or date close relatives. Almost all persons marry, often during mid towards late 20s, and marriages involve intricate exchange of gifts by two family units. Divorce cases are uncommon however remarriages among the youth are quite common. home bases average 7 persons consisting of a single or excess nuclear family units plus relatives. They involve 3 generations and exhibits flexibility as regards composition. Members are linked by blood, adoption and marriage.F ollowing marriage, reside at the grooms or brides household. Each household is led by a matai. All economic and social activities are governed by matai (Anderson, 2004, 350). The biggest kin grouping remains aiga that involves every person having a overlap ancestor. Such extensive family could have family units in various sections of the village or within a number of villages. Such households matai exert different authority levels in the aiga. Matai resolves family disputes and decides regarding fiscal contributions of a family to funerals, church gifts and weddings.The fatten aiga primarily intermingles during funerals, weddings, elections plus matai installation and emergencies within families (http//www. everyculture. com/A-Bo/American-Samoa. html). Infants are accorded much attention and affection and are carried or held in the initial year. Household usually have grandmothers who often act as key babysitters. ordinarily young kids are overseen by grandmothers or other househ old females and usually by elder siblings. Respect and reverence for authority and age are instilled from early ages.Educational programs for nursery kids plus universal community school schooltime is in place. America Samoans exhibit meticulousness regarding courtesy, especially to chiefs and elderly persons. It is not proper to stand up when other people are sitting. In case an individual gets into a room and finds other persons seated on the ground, they ought to slightly bend and utter tulouna or excuse me. Respectful legal injury are employed when holding discussions with chiefs. Etiquette plus reciprocal politeness are used during political and ceremonial events.Prior to influx of missionaries by 1830, the maker of the isles plus the people therein was taken to be Tagaloa and religious headship from families was provided by matai (Tamase, 2007, 475). Initial missionaries were from the London Missionary Society and they established the congregation of Christian Church of Amer ican Samoa to which 5% of Samoans belong. The Catholic Church has 20% of Samoan followers while the other 30% is taken by Methodist, pentecostal and Mormon denominations. Western rites are involved during church proceedings with vocal music being a vital element.Devotion of fresh churches has supreme importation and vocal competitions and feasts mark it. Visitors from the USA and close by islands come for such celebrations. Death is regarded as the will of God and the customary conviction that when one dies at a far away location from their residence such persons spirits trouble survivors continues. Up to the 1980s, funeral services were held one day after one died. Introduction of morgue services permits slow up interment to cater for elatives abroad. During burials, the deceased family is offered gifts.Interment happens on relations land (Dernbach, 2005, 515). April seventeenth Flag Day is marked by activities like customary grouping singing and dancing, cricket matches, canoe races and speeches. This commemorates the time when the Samoan isles became part of the USA in 1900. Oratory remains a vital custom, and numerous mythology, metrical composition and legends have survived owing to usage by talking chiefs during village direction deliberation as well as during ceremonial events (http//www. ncddr. org/products/researchexchange/v04n01/cultures. html).The people of Samoa lever bark cloth wall-hangings (siapo) plus finemats and regard them as family possessions for exchanging during ceremonial events. Finemat and siapo employment increasingly is becoming rare. Formerly having tattoos was a prerequisite for being admitted into aumage or qualification fro the title of ac chief. Such art was outlawed within American Samoa a long time ago. However, fresh interest lately draws young males to previously Western Samoa to have the intricate knee-to-upper-abdomen tattoos done on them.Dancing and singing in groups remain popular forms of art. Huge women or men dancing groups perform unified movements characterized by body and hand claps. colonization ritual princesses (taupou) perform Solo dances at times accompanied by men prop dancers (http//www. everyculture. com/A-Bo/American-Samoa. html). The face notion, originating from Confucian ideology, among traditional Pacific and Asian Americans makes peoples belief that losing face owing to mental diseases within families could subject families or the person to spiritual or religious crisis.Asians exhibit the least optimistic attitudes towards disabled persons. Numerous Asian Americans are positive(p) that metaphysical or supernatural forces have a function in disease and health and in misfortune and fortune (Anderson, 2004, 357). Such convictions greatly influence perceptions regarding reasons for disability, therapy of such disability and guilt feelings and shame or responsibility related to having a disabled family member. Conventional Asian Pacific citizens usually source for assistanc e from sources different from, or on top of, westward rehabilitation or medical system.Families will usually desire to seek customary Asian therapies, like herbal medication, or perform particular actions with a view to restoring the equilibrium of the natural world. Asian Americans depend more upon casual social associations as compared to other minorities. American Indians comprise of in excess of five hundred tribal groupings that exhibit great diversity within. Majority of conventional Indian dialects have no word for disabled, wound or retarded. Instead of utilizing such classifications, phrases regarding persons descriptive of disabilities, for instance, one-who-walks-with-a-limp or one-arm, may be assigned.Convictions regarding spirit and body interrelatedness contrasts with mainstream belief systems. Strongly traditional American Indians could source for assistance form traditional healers and also the typical rehabilitation and medical systems (http//www. ncddr. org/produ cts/researchexchange/v04n01/cultures. html). Paradigm modifications happen within all disciplines as applied science or knowledge advances. Key shifts within such cultural models are comprehensive, rare and significantly impact on cultural, social as well as political precedence within society.Industrial revolutions randomness stage resulted to contemporary society which is characterized by capitalism, humanist principles, political democratic systems, Newtons physics and transcendental romanticism. Contemporary regimes witnessed the appearance of bourgeoisie, contemporary art plus the conviction that it is possible to understand the earth by applying reason. Modern age also incorporated cultural, economic and political policies on the basis of freedom and equality ideals and progress. Postmodernisms arrival within the mid-sixties led to slight alterations within contemporary society.Despite the fact that postmodernism dislodged occidental theories plus numerous other ideals relat ed to the contemporary period, it failed to offer the momentum postulate to restructure society. This impetus required some circumstances which exposed social injustices prevailed within existing economic and political systems and at the same time offer alternative solutions (Anderson, 2004, 359). America has ceased to be a melting point because it does not incorporate minorities within majority cultures. Currently, there exists diverse pluralism of culture developed by way of acculturation.Such pluralism is described in regard to minorities liberties relative to prevailing culture. Minorities contribute within majority cultures while disregarding the affright of losing their sub-culture uniqueness. Racial minorities, religious groupings, and philosophical subcultures exist side by side and stand other groups customs. A non-hierarchical democratic pluralism supported through communication expertise is substituting the prevailing culture. The notion of regarding product utilization as being an end is dying away and focus is directed locally.The majority has discarded its fixation upon consumerism to embrace fresh attention to friends, family plus social groupings having comparable interests. Owing to divisions emanating from cultural wars and facing economic stagnation, the majority culture started self-realignment on the basis of sub-cultural schemes that offer belonging and equality (Amoko, 2000, 388). While America is enduring economic woes, fresh social systems are developing within the debris offered by disenfranchised cultures.Majority cultures are experiencing transition from a community of financial classes, credit expenditure and consumer principles to an extra group-centered society. Such shift involves change from getting cultural significance out of purchasing and possessing media-produced patterns consumer commodities, to promoting an extra individualized participatory and personality culture. Such change of priorities emancipates a stressed comm unity and offers a feeling of dignity and authority to society (http//www.culturewars. org. uk/index. php/site/ obligate/changing_cultural_paradigm/). The trail culture has ditched the business sponsored political programs, because of the wickedness within oppressive economic and social policies and also owing to the absence of prestige and rapture exhibited by buyer indulgence within the financial crisis. While the principal culture was losing confidence within consumer principles, the pluralism of culture metamorphosed to become pluralism free of hierarchies.Within such fresh systems, privileges and rights existent within a democracy get express within society with no oppression to lower castes. This seems to be a result of free market financial systems having their majority cultures being hierarchically- arranged. The divisions generated through culture wars merged the diverse and vast multicultural system of hyphenated citizens and subcultures to form a political grouping un ited through democratic principles, human-centered standards, and the requirement to make the playing arena even.Pluralism, which necessarily is not gratis(p) owing to its incorporation of every political viewpoint, also existed alongside the cultural war. Such a multicultural grouping became prominent when consumerism faded away from the principal culture, and assumed the role of acting as a government agency of the fresh social arrangement (http//www. culturewars. org. uk/index. php/site/ expression/changing_cultural_paradigm/). Works cited Amoko, Apollo O. springy Imaginations No-no Boy, Obasan and the Limits of Minority Discourse. Mosaic, vol.33. 2000 pp. 375-390 Anderson, Crystal S. Racial Discourse and Black-Japanese Dynamics in shipwreck survivor Reeds Japanese by Spring. MELUS, vol. 29, 2004 pp. 345-360 Azoulay, Katya Gibel. The New Colored mickle The Mixed-race Movement in America. African American Review, vol. 33. 1999 pp. 360-374. Crank, R ip. (April 17th 2009). Cult ure Wars. Changing Cultural Paradigm. Retrieved on 5th may 2009 from http//www. culturewars. org. uk/index. php/site/article/changing_cultural_paradigm/ Culture of American Samoa Forum. (2007).Culture of American Samoa History and Ethnic Relations, Urbanism, Architecture, and the Use of . retrieved on 5th may 2009 from http//www. everyculture. com/A-Bo/American-Samoa. html Dernbach, Katherine Boris. Spirits of the Hereafter Death, Funeral Procession, and the Hereafter in Chuuk, Micronesia. Ethnology, vol. 44, 2005 pp. 502-517 Esbenshade, Jill. Codes of Conduct Challenges and Opportunities for Workers Rights. Social Justice, vol. 31, 2004 pp. 340-355. Pincheon, Bill. A Deeper Territory Race, Gender, Historical Narrative and the save Field Blues.The Western ledger of Black Studies, vol. 24, 2000 pp. 270-283. Simon-Klutz, Lufuata. On Being Samoan, on Being Woman (E Au Pea Inailau a Tamaitai) (1). Frontier- A Journal of Womens Studies, vol. 23, 2002 pp. 275-291. Southwest Educational Development Laboratory. (2004). Descriptions of Ethnic Cultures in the United States. Vol. 4, no. 1. Retrieved on 5th may 2009 from http//www. ncddr. org/products/researchexchange/v04n01/cultures. html Tamase, Tui Atua Tupua. In search of Tagaloa, Samoan Mythology and Science. Archaeology in Oceania, vol. 42, 2007 pp. 462-478.

Tok Natural and Human Sciences

In my opinion I believe that expectations lure or observations greatly. If we weigh something all(prenominal)ow happen we atomic number 18 more credibly to get word hard for it. If we urgency something to appear then it is more likely that we will think that we inflict it. An example of this is when people hallucinate. Some unmatched is more likely to prove a ghost if they believe or are expecting to see one. In inherent sciences when spirit for something in an experiment we whitethorn think we see it if we are really hoping or expecting to see it.For example when looking for bubbles rising in different liquids and we are expecting one to pass over then we may think we saw one and if not expecting one to rise we may think that it wasnt one. Another supporting example is when we are looking for someone and we see someone either in the place or we see a flash or someone, if we are expecting to see that person or hoping to see them we may interpret them as the one we are looking for.This shows how expectations can influence our observations in seeing what we want and/or what we expect to see. Although to an extent expectations dont completely influence our observations. They dont change them only impact on them. We may see after that it isnt when we focus more on the subject. So our observations can be momentarily manipulated but not completely. It depends whether it is a confirmative expectation or negative expectationHuman Sciences How do the human sciences differ from the natural sciences? Human sciences subject area human life and human activities. It includes fields of theatre such as social sciences like history, anthropology, sociology and many others. Basically, everything that has humans all over it. Natural sciences on the other hand studies the universe. It includes fields of study such as biology, astrology, chemistry, physics and others. Basically, everything about nature and what is around us.

Food Nation Essay

provender con nones more than b arly an intake to be able to sustain life. It is a reflection of a myriad of culture existing in a society. Looking at intellectual nourishment, one drive out see its various fusions of cultural identities ready to get together ones appetite. Food is a perfect ex adeninele of a human being that enters into the process of globalization where nations embrace the flow of cultural exchange. Countries such as the united States and Italy are known for having diverse demographics. The diversity of its population brought influences into their solid nutrition as well.However, although both countries whitethorn put one over fused individually others culture into their nutriment, there are still differences which manipulate them distinct from each other such as how they handle and facet nourishment. The United States is one of the largest countries when it comes to its size and population. It has a wide variety of immigrants which flowed jump from the nineteenth century and as its population continues to grow, its culture has been as moral force as its food (Counihan, 2002, p. 26). Large part of these immigrants later joined the American workforce as every parent became employed.The absence of either the puzzle or the father at home veered the majority of the population forbiddenside(a) from home-cooked meals. Eating out became an alternative for families to have their meals together and take in out means buying food from a restaurant (Schlosser, 2001, p. 4). From this concept of eating outside the confines of a home, the betting food world was born. The terminus fast-food refers to a speedy availability of food, further described as a provision of limited, standard menu with quick service (Royle & Towers, 2002, p. 190). dissolute food became not just a way to fill skipped meals at home but it turned out to be a lifestyle. The United States initially became known for its fast food because of the rise of popular food chains such as McDonalds and Burger King. Its convenience of having ready- do food suits the lifestyle of peck especially those who go to work early and go home late. Since there are a large number of running(a) people in the United States, they flock to these restaurants to eat. Foods are creation prepared in bulks to anticipate the huge numbers of customers.Most ingredients provided are delivered frozen. cookery methods involved one or a couple of processes to guarantee its speed. compendium ingredients in a line system bid burger patties will be able to cook a dozen of it at the same clock time (Schlosser, 2001, p. 69). Some of the food ingredients only require adding hot water and its ready for preparation. Fast foods are usually packed in composing wraps, foil, and cartons. The materials of these wrappings are disposable which suites the people on-the-go to eat the food wherever they are. disdain the convenience brought about by fast food, healthier ingredients are being given up. As previously mentioned, ingredients are frozen which indicates that these are not fresh and devoid of its natural healthy components with much more added fats. Since Americans are busy with work with no time to prepare food for them, fast food becomes the next available fast option. Italians, on the other hand, became the rivet of what should be a counterpart of fast food. A country well-to-do in culture, its food gained renowned identity throughout the world. just like in the United States, Italian food is a lifestyle.It is a lifestyle which extends to close interaction with families and friends in a laid-back environment dine and drinking wine (Parasecoli, 2004, p. xii). The relaxed atmosphere among most Italian household can be seen as a break from the political and social unrest that reign the Italian state during history. Italian food is famous for the cheese, the wine, and the pasta. do from a wide array of sea foods, vegetables, and meat Italian food is prepared picking up the fresh ingredients and served as a shenanigan of art. Ricotta, for example, is bought by locals straight from a shepherd on the day it is made (Harrison, 1989, p.17). Italians regard their food not just as an energy supplier but as a medicine for the soul, one of lifes abiding pleasures (Harrison, 1989, p. 17). Most of the Italian foods are cooked in accordance with traditions and the food preparation varies from the different regions of Milan and Florence (Harrison, 1989, p. 143). Taking this traditional view of Italian cuisine, a battlefront was established to retain not just the traditional readiness of the Italians but also all traditional cuisines of the world. The Slow Food movement is originally established as a counterpart of fast food.The base of this movement is to make food from scratch in your own kitchen (Kummer, Cushner, & Schlosser, 2002, p. 10) rather than the processed artificial food at fast food chains. Just like Italian food, the m ovement aims to take food as a pleasurable experience offered by life in opposite to fast foods (Pollan, 2008, p. 194). The Slow Movement suggests making food out of ingredients that are ideally grown in the backyard or farms, harvested, and cooked with other natural recipes. The people who eat the foods are not only consumers but co-producers as well.Just like the Italian food, this movement also promotes the pleasure of food eaten and shared communally (Pollan, 2006, p. 259). Though this movement proved to be promising, some may say that in contrast with fast-food, the Slow Food Movement is more expensive to obtain and to do. Since fast-food is more accessible and cheaper, the movement has been tagged as elitist and cannot be afforded by ordinary people (Kummer, et al. , p. 10). By its term of slow-food, this may not suit the lifestyle of most people coming from the work class due to the lack of time for food preparation.United States and Italy falsify from the way they live their life with food. Though nowadays, some of their own cuisines have been inspired from one another. Their views of food have a huge possible action as the two nations came from different backgrounds and developed cultures that set them apart from each other. Their cuisine style and food preparation became significant in the world today and though different in principles, people enjoy it nonetheless.References Counihan, C. (2002). Food in the USA A Reader. current York Routledge. Harrison, B. G. (1989). Italian Days.New York Atlantic periodical Press. Kummer, C. , Cusner, S. , & Schlosser, E. (2002). The Pleasures of Slow Food Celebrating Authentic Traditions, Flavors, and Recipes. USA Chronicles Books. Parasecoli, F. (2004). Food farming in Italy. Connecticut Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. Pollan, M. (2008). In Defense of Food An tributarys Manifesto. New York The Penguin Press. Royle, T. & Towers, B. (2002). Labour Relations in the globose Fast-Food Industry. New Yo rk Routledge. Schlosser, E. (2001). Fast Food Nation The Dark Side of the All-American Meal. New York Houghton Mifflin Books.

Academic english

The sociological imagination first coined by c. Wright mill around in 1959 what is the sociological imagination? The vivid aw arness of the relationship amongst in-person experience and the wider society. -Seeing strange in the familiar is detaching yourself from individualistic interpretations of pitying behavior and accepting the initi entirelyy strange notion that human behaviors are a product of loving forces. The ability to see things soci entirelyy and how things act and influence each other that is the sociological imagination. How can we differentiate in the midst of personal troubles and social issues? Example unemployment/ if your unemployed, thats a trouble in your liveliness (personal). But, if it was during the great recession, you were in the same boat as everybody else in society. therefrom your personal trouble is connected to a broader public issue. What is problem with the green sense explanations of ills?They fail to consider the wider picture of the issu e yet they entirely focus on pre- conceived Judgments for example in relation to aboriginal tidy sum a common sense explanation would be that they are totally petrol sniffing no hoppers though this is not the case what has been failed to be agnise here is that due to colonization indigenous people lost a lot of there rights and are still trying to recover from all they shoot lost in life. -Examples of social issues that might be let on explained through investigating social forces and influences rather than individual failings Unemployed- its not needs that youre lazy or dont want to work.There are social forces at turn tail that make it more likely some groups over others will be unemployed. Seeing the general in the particular show that age, sex, screen, race, sexuality they all impact behaviors and life chances. Although we are individuals, social forces touch our lives in authoritative ways, even if we dont see those forces. Sociology is the study of society, whose go als are to establish, explain and predict simulate regularities of human behavior. The sociological imagination asks us to see the strange in the familiar and general in particular, linking our behaviors to broader social forces.Personal trouble re tie in to broader public issues, and our goal in sociology is to uncover those links using the sociological data and not rely on common sense explanations proposition social class and social stratification -What is social stratification? Social stratification refers to a system of social inequality -Which societies experience social stratification? All societies have social stratification to some degree -Some societies have simpler stratification where they stratify along one dimension (such as age) dapple others are more complex and consist of many different factors education stratification (such as age, race, gender, etc -3 types of stratification systems Estate systems Caste systems Class systems -definition of class in sociology the term class does not refer to ones style or sophistication, rather social class is the social structural position groups clear relative to the economic, social, political and cultural resources of society. -class can not be straightaway observed but can be seen by observing the various displays others project such as brand of clothing, type of car, the places one shops. -these objects fashion symbols of an individuals lass status.Types of class systems -Upper class owns major share of corporate and personal wealth -Upper middle class those with high incomes and high social prestigiousness -Middle class -Lower class workers in skilled trades and low-income bureaucratic workers -Lower class the displaced and poor. -The social class that you are in gives you different access to Jobs, income, education, power, and social status. Age, race, gender as well as class shape peoples experiences within society. -These differences rent different opportunities for success.

Positive Psychology and Kindness

Assessment 1 Personal Reflection and Sharing / Celebrating with differents Happy peck become happier finished castness intervention. The relationship between the character strength of kindness and inbred pleasure, and the do of a counting kindnesses intervention on subjective happiness Happy people to perform on their motivation, recognition and enactment of kind behaviors. They have much joyful memories in perfunctory life in terms of both quantity and quality. Subjective happiness was increased entirely by counting ones own acts of kindness for one week.Happy people became more kind and acceptable through the counting kindnesses intervention. Compargond with less happy people, happy people have better social relationships and more pleasant effortless lives. For example, precise happy people have highly satisfying relationships with friends, amatory partners, and family members and that, compared to their less happy peers, they cover up more positive howeverts and emotions in their routine lives relative to negative ones. Happy people are more extraverted, more agreeable, and less neurotic.Some studies have shown that subjective happiness is one of the key factors in subjective well-being and over totally satisfaction with life. Therefore I anticipate that in addition to the strength of gratitude, the strength of kindness would also capriole an authoritative role in increasing subjective happiness. Gratitude is an important tender-hearted strengths that contri alonees to subjective happiness, especially appreciative of the contribution of others to their happiness. I suggest that grateful mortals would further be characterized by the appreciation of lifes simple pleasures.These imply correlative relationships among gratitude, subjective happiness, and good social relationships. Consequently, compared with unhappy people, happy people report close and satisfying relationships and feel more gratitude in their lives. Gratitude when people befool kindness form other people, kindness entails enacting kind behavior toward other people. In personal sound judgementset, how to act of kindness buttocks be show in countless ways? A warm hello say to a stranger, giving cash to those in need, allowing cars to merge into traffic all of these are acts of kindness.Kindness may be best expressed as a state of mind. With the holiday season over, and many of us feeling the effects of a far-reaching world disaster, understanding how kindness squeeze out help is very important. People you help can see the direct result of your actions, and people who witness your gestures can be touched by what you do. From giving money and m, to the way in which you communicate with friends, family, and co-workers, the ripple effect of kindness is far-reaching.It is well-to-do to think that kindness is only a one-way street, but kindness can go both ways. Giving, in and of itself, can be a great reward, but how is the giver affected? The gi ver can be rewarded in many areas, both psychologically and physically. It would be hopeless to list every way that kindness can be shown or given. Being attuned to situations where you can help almost becomes a state of mind or attitude that you can live by. Start by fashioning a list of areas where you can help.This may include giving to a helping organization, much(prenominal) as a local homeless shelter, food-bank, or a national/ international organization. With the natural disaster in the farthest East dominating what we see on the evening news, perhaps you could sop up by identifying national or international organizations that could use your financial donations. You can even look to your community for places that could use your donations or volunteer time, such as visiting patients in a nursing home or hospital ward.Or, for some of this writers favorites start with the everyday little things that offer surprises and ferment people in your nearby community wonder what si mple nonetheless amazing acts of kindness are running amok and to get you started, I have listed some ideas below * Pay for the persons order behind you in the drive-through line. * Make eye contact with the person who rings up your groceries and unfeignedly look at them when you say, Have a really great evening. convey you. * Compliment at least 2 people every day. * tell someone being well mannered and kind, with someone being rude. enthral someone a hand written differentiate of thanks * deal a lottery or Charitable organizations ticket for a stranger. * flip over a compliment about your waiter or waitress to his or her manager. * Stop and help someone replace their flat tyre on high-speed road. * permit someone jump the queue at the bank. * Let someone jump the wallets or valuables at the police office. * Treat a friend to the movies for no reason. * Give up your seat for someone, not erect an elderly person and pregnancy women. * Talk to a homeless person and have a no rmal conversation. * Pick up some gimcrack in the road which would otherwise be lying around. Compliment a work colleague for their excellence. * Tell all your family members how much your appreciate them. * ply a copy of an interesting book on a train. * deal an inspirational book for a friend. * Send a thank you note to a person who has helped you in the past. * Smile a lot. Kindness is transmittable and as part of Personal Socially Responsibility you might call for to consider carrying out random acts of kindness on a daily basis. It is truly a win/win/win situation. The person you are being kind to benefits through your help. You feel good for having helped someone.And the world is a better place through your kindness. Never underestimate the impact of a single act of kindness. I still remember, after many years, the time someone stopped and helped me after my car had broken down in high-speed road. Since then, I have stopped on the road myself and helped desolate motorists a number of times. All because of that single act of kindness by a stranger. The implications of kindness are far reaching. Showing kindness even on a small level is a great start. Also, it is important to carry out your acts of kindness without expecting anything in return has its own rewards. 1013 linguistic process

Importance of Books in Life Essay

Learning is a signifi washbasint process in homo being life. It is self-evidence that human development give notice not stand without a good insureing. To reach that target, people always search the appropriate ways. Besides, the mains of the essence(p) factors that befriend people to learn argon books and experiences because of their unlimited benefits. The book is a important source of fellowship that consists of infinite benefits. It transports us into different cosmeas and cultures, as well as, it informs us about ancient civilizations and lore.In addition, it helps us to learn about pertly technologies and literature. It allows speaking languages fluently and to take place spontaneously. Therefore, the book plunder be faithful friend and the nearest into us which butt end pass a bulky us to how to behave in our practical life. Our practical life is also, in addition to books, based on experience. This latter is a crucial element that assists to overcome obstacles. Experience keeps our souls aware of the way to solve virtually problems, for example, if individual re-confront a problem, it would be easy for him/her to solve it.Experience also could demo to us the suitable method of living in our life. In conclusion, breeding is a strong challenge that requires patience and efforts. Books and experiences are the best courtesy of learning because of their vast importance and great advantages. Books can play a very important role in shaping our life because we can learn lots of things easily from books. Books provide a great ascendant in front of us to learn about anything and increase our knowledge level.Therefore, large numbers of people roughly the world read books because they encounter them very useful. Books are present in our world from many centuries in different forms and shapes of books are changing with time. Today, we can find books in pdf or audio formats as per the need of people. Though, all these books provide same help by increasing our knowledge levels. People can easily grease ones palms books from various book stores available in market or they can use online web stores to order bestselling books. Best Answer Chosen by VotersThe importance of reading books is gaining new insight or perspectives on issues that payoff to the reader that helps them to have a new interpreting of the world around them. Readers can apply the insight in everyday life or as a way of building upon the knowledge that already encompasses their mind and enrich their lives. The importance of books are also found in how new discoveries pertaining to history are uncovered and/or revealed where the relevance of this the new cultivation needs to be applied or amended in what already exists about a particular issue, topic or event.Thus, new books on existing issues are important because sometimes facts change. Books are a tangible, valuable record of our world. Sure we have the internet and computers with vast amounts of inf ormation stored in them but all of history isnt in a computer. History, the stories of civilations long gone and ancient languages forgotten are somewhere in a book. Books are there so you can learn, imagine and sometimes pull out from the world around you. There is nothing like sitting smoothen with a new book, the pages crisp and fresh, and reading about a making love story, or a horrible murder.Books are an out permit for many people. For some it is their way of expressing their imagination writers create so we can read and let our minds take us to a different place, a different time, peradventure even a different world. For others, books are an escape. When the world gets to be similarly crazy and you need to escape you can pick up a book and forget about the world around you. Books enables us to delay life through other peoples eyes. People are able to communicate their view of the world to a large audience.Books also enables us to understand other cultures, which in turn enables us to relate better with others. Books can have a profound effect on society and the world because they enable an individual to change the world. A single book by a single author can make a massive difference in the whole world. Think Tuesdays with Morrie, God has a fancy and you begin to see the role of books in society and why they are important. Books glue people and cultures together. But unfortunately they can also be used to do just the opposite of the above.

History development of accounting principles

Callahan-Babylonian, Assyrian and Sumerian shades the producers of the first organized government in the world, and some f the oldest written languages and the oldest surviving business records the Egyptian well-behavedization where scribes formed the pivots on which the whole machinery of the treasury and other departments turned the Chinese civilization with government story playing a key and educate role of the great estate of Apollonian Introduced an elaborate system of responsibility chronicle In 256 BC and the Roman civilization with laws requiring taxpayers to prepare statements of their balancing positions and with civil rights depending on the level of property declared by the citizens. The presence of these forms of clerking In the ancient world has been attributed to various factors, including the invention of writing, the introduction of Arabic num agels and of the decimal system, the diffusion of knowledge of algebra, the presence of inexpensive writing material , the bristle of literacy, and the existence of a standard of medium of exchange. The Development of explanation Principles divers(a) groups in the united States of America (USA), Australia and elsewhere, implementing a mix of approaches, have subjected accounting theory and principles to a constant re-examination and critical analysis.In order to simplify the discussion, quatern conformations of this process may be identified. In the first phase (1900-33), instruction had complete control over the selection of financial Information give away in annual reports in the second phase (1933-59) and third phase (1959-731 the professional bodies contend a significant role in create principles and in the fourth phase, which continues to the present, it has become increasingly noticeable that standard-setting bodies such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FAST) in the USA and the Australian Accounting Standards Board in Australia (SAAB) ND various pressure groups are mise rable towards a plasticization of accounting.Management Contribution Phase (1900-33) The influence of perplexity in the construction of accounting principles arose from the increasing number of shareholders and the dominant economic role played by industrial corporations after 1900. The diffusion of share ownership gave management complete control over the format and content of accounting of ad hoc solutions to urgent problems and controversies. The situation generated dissatisfaction during the asses. Two Americans, William Z. Ripley and J. M. B. Huxley, ere particularly outspoken in logical argument for an improvement in standards of financial reporting. Similarly, Adolph A. Berne and Gardener C. Means pointed to incorporate wealth and the power of industrial corporations and called for the protection of investors.In the United States, the main players of the season were a professional association of accountants, the American Institute of Accountant (AI), which in 1917 establ ished a Board of Examiners to create a uniform certify practicing accountant (CPA) examination, and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), which from 1900 required all reparations applying for listing to agree to publish annual financial statements. A theoretical and a controversial debate of the period was the question of accounting for divert costs. The Abss reciprocation Memorandum on Accounting for Interest Costs traces the background of the interest as a cost controversy. Another important event of the era was the growing effect, on accounting theory, of taxation of business income.

Hubspot Case Study

Case Study HubSpot 1. ** Do you agree with HubSpot that the rules of merchandising corroborate changed? If so, how? Is inbound commercialiseing the answer? Why or why non? 1. I do agree with HubSpot that the rules of selling have changed. But I do not think that the seat of traditional outbound marketing testament be heartly replaced by inbound marketing. Inbound marketing is a type of marketing strategy through Internet that focuses on getting the qualified custom attention and attracting them to find out and admit about what they want and what they need.Companies using inbound marketing strategies relied on market research methods to gain and analyze the information about interests and needs of customers. In contrast, traditional outbound marketing strategies increase a companys aw areness and brand image by all kinds of advertising and promotional activities (such as TV commercials, print advertisements, direct marketing, etc) to find and attract customers. With the adva nce of the era of Web 2. 0, Internet usage becomes more than and more common.As a result, inbound marketing contents (like blogs, videos, eBooks, and so on), SEO, and other online marketing and sociable media platforms will definitely support inbound marketing to become a very important type of marketing strategy. However, I think on that point will still be some room for outbound marketing in the future since its the basement of all kinds of marketing approaches. So I think the mix of inbound and outbound marketing will be the main trend for most companies during the era of Web 2. 0. 2. ** Is HubSpot conclusion and serving the right set of customers?Given its position as a start-up company, should it widen its focus to serve any customer that comes its way? Or narrow its drive, by focusing exclusively on either proprietor Ollies or Marketing Marys? Or by focusing exclusively on either B2B or B2C customers? 2. As a start-up company, in my opinion, HubSpot should narrow its targe t since they have relatively limited resources. Between the choices of Owner Ollies and vendor Marys, HubSpot shadower choose one as their exclusive target during their start-up period.In spite the feature that Marketer Marys had more needs of HubSpots services and more funds to spend on products like HubSpot, Owner Ollies accounts for 73% percent of total customers. Although the profit after acquiring Owner Ollies is much more, Marketer Marys are easier and cheaper to reach and more likely to acquire. As a start-up company, HubSpot needed more money and resources to get started and develop. So, in my opinion, they brook narrow their target to Marketer Marys at first. 5. ** Halligan and Shah want HubSpot to be marketing what salesforce. com is to sales. What would your plan of action be to make this happen?Why would you take these actions? What keeps you up at wickedness about your plan? 5. What I concerns the most about HubSpot is that it is facing the affright of competition s from larger and more established companies providing similar services. To make HubSpot at the position in marketing field as Salesforce. com in sales field, it is undeniable to realize and learn about the competitions in the market. In my opinion, HubSpot needs to chop-chop go through the start-up period and enlarge to a certain size. Thus, they can expand their target much more widely, and then play to their advantages.

The Differences between the Empire State Building and Burj Al-Arab Hotel

The differences between imperium recite Building and Burj Al-Arab HotelThere are two storeyed constructions in the humankind, called empire posit Building and Burj Al-Arab Hotel. conglomerate evoke Building is located in revolutionary York, and it is unmatchable of the tallest constructions in refreshing York, even in the universe. some other one of the universe tallest buildings is Burj Al-Arab Hotel, it is located in Dubai. In this essay, I pull up stakes compare and contrast them in history, drug abuses and being famous.In the Empire give in Buildings history, it is 1250 pess tall and was the tallest edifice in the universe when it was reinforced in 1931. At that clip, it was non except go a landmark of New York, but in any event became a symbol of accomplishing the impossible. There was a skyscraper lam in the universe in 20 century. Walter Chrysler, the laminitis of the Chrysler Corporation, was twist a monumental edifice, the acme of which he was maintain ing secret until the edifice s completion. buttocks Jakob Raskob, antecedently a frailty president of General Motors, decided to crash in this race, and he wanted to crush Chrysler. Not cognizing precisely what natural elevation he had to crush, John started building on his ain edifice, the Empire assign Building. The Empire allege Building completed with an astonishing effort that the generous edifice was constructed in precisely one twelvemonth and 45 yearss and merely cost around 41 million dollars ( Jennifer Rosenberg ) .Similarly, in that location are too many glorifications in the history of Burj Al-Arab Hotel. For illustration, it was the tallest sea-based hotel in the universe at a tallness of 321 metres when it was completed in 1999. As the ground of edifice Burj Al-Arab Hotel is whole divergent with the Empire say Building, that the authorities of Dubai wanted a edifice that would go an iconic or symbolic statement with the name of the state, merely as what it has been. The design of Burj Al-Arab Hotel was inspired by the wind-filled canvass of an Arab trading dhow ship, and that is why it is built on an unreal island. Unlike the Empire State Building, the building of Burj Al-Arab Hotel cost a big sum of money and clip that it was built in 1994 and be around 650 million dollars to construct. And this money make it go the coal of the Leading Hotels of the World ( Rick Archer ) .The Empire State Building is built as an positioning edifice, so the primary use is supplying office infinites for companies. save because it is located on the more or less genial parts of Manhattan Island, the rent of office infinites is expensive. Even though the rent is likewise dearly-won, the major companies of diametric countries, such as finance, touristry and insurance, lease an office in the Empire State Building, because of its celebrated and demoing the capacities of their companies. In add-on, the Empire State Building is known by the universe, so it becomes one of the most celebrated tourer attractive forces in New York. For absorbing more tourers, there are different sorts of exhibitions in the museum of the Empire State Building. Of class, many sorts of parallel bars and nines are necessary, and tourers can see all attractive forces in New York in several proceedingss ( Empire State Building ) .However, as a hotel, the uses of Burj Al-Arab Hotel are about different with the Empire State Building, it is built for touristry. But because Dubai wanted to do it go an iconic, the Burj Al-Arab Hotel was absolutely built with strong Muslim manner, excessive decor and high engineering ( Burj Al-Arab Hotel ) . Similar to the Empire State Building, this makes it go one of the most celebrated and the most expensive hotels in the universe, the every night rates start merely north of $ 1500. two Empire State Building and Burj Al-Arab Hotel create a phase on the acme of them, although the phase of Burj Al-Arab Hotel is a rooftop hel ipad. So if you are affluent pickle to populate in it, the hotel besides offers chopper service from the airdrome to hotel ( Justin Delaney ) .As we know, the Empire State Building is the worlds most celebrated office edifice, but I want to inquire, why does it go such celebrated? And I found out that it is celebrated by its tallness and fool aways. And the major ground is from the clip it was built in the 1930 s to the edifice of the World Trade Center towers in the 1970 s it was the tallest edifice in the universe, even now it still ranks among the top 10 and is the tallest edifice in New York ( Why is the Empire State Building celebrated? ) . Furthermore, the film that do it celebrated isKing Kong, one of the most noteworthy films in American history. In this film, the originalKing Kongof 1933 used a theoretical account of the newly-completed Empire State Building for Kong to mount at the flood tide ( What film made the Empire State Building celebrated? ) . This image non mere ly made the Empire State Building noticed by the universe, but besides became the most authoritative scene ofKing Kong.Similarly, Burj Al-Arab Hotel used to be worlds tallest hotel, but now it is still the worlds 2nd tallest hotel. on the other manus, it is non simply celebrated by its tallness, its expensiveness is besides celebrated in the universe. For illustration, the monetary value of a Royal suite is 20 deoxyguanosine monophosphate dollars, per dark. The monetary value can make the cost of a mid-sized saloon, doing it one of the universe s most expensive suites, even a smallest direction besides needs 1500 dollars. But the expensiveness is sensible, because the installations and helping of Burj Al-Arab Hotel are the best in the universe. For case, when the clients of Burj Al-Arab Hotel go out of the airdrome, they have two lavish picks travel to hotel by Rolls Royce saloons or chopper. If you choose helicopter, you will hold a opportunity to get wind the Dubai from sky in 15 proceedingss. Those are the grounds why they have a batch of clients, even the suites are expensive ( Burj Al-Arab Hotel ) .Why did I want to compare the Empire State Building and Burj Al-Arab Hotel? Because these two edifice represent the people who live in different period and different states. The Empire State Building shows America had become one of the most affluent states in 1930, and American people liked to demo their function and wealth. For the Burj Al-Arab Hotel, it shows the Dubai had an outstanding economic system, and the Arabs more attention about their state by and by comparing the Empire State Building and the Burj Al-Arab Hotel in three different ways, I found out In history, they were built for different intents, the Empire State Building was built for a personal glorification, but the Burj Al-Arab Hotel was built because of the dream of doing a landmark for Dubai, but likewise, both of them used to be the tallest edifice in their types in uses, both construc tions link to the local touristry, although the Empire State Building besides provides offices to companies in being celebrated, both of them are celebrated for their tallness, nevertheless, the Empire State is besides celebrated by a film,King Kong, and the Burj Al-Arab Hotel is besides celebrated for its expensiveness and helping. Overall, even though they are similar in some parts, they still represent different images of their states to the universe.Work CitedBurj Al-Arab Hotel . baike.com Feb 11 2014hypertext designate communications protocol //www.baike.com/wiki/ % E9 % 98 % BF % E6 % 8B % 89 % E4 % BC % AF % E5 % A1 % 94 % E9 % 85 % 92 % E5 % BA % 97Empire State Building . Baike.com Feb 11 2014hypertext absent protocol //www.baike.com/wiki/ % E5 % B8 % 9D % E5 % 9B % BD % E5 % A4 % A7 % E5 % 8E % A6Jennifer Rosenberg. The Empire State Building . About.com. Feb 9 2014.hypertext enthrall protocol //history1900s.about.com/od/1930s/a/empirestatebldg.htmJustin Delaney. Dubai s iconic Burj Al Arab the universe s most glamourous hotel . gadling.com. Jun 21 2011.hypertext transfer protocol //www.gadling.com/2011/06/21/the-iconic-burj-al-arab-the-worlds-most-glamorous-hotel/Rick Archer. The Most Beautiful Hotel in the World . ssqq.com. July 2004hypertext transfer protocol //ssqq.com/archive/vinlin23.htmWhat film made the Empire State Building celebrated? wiki.answers.com Feb 11 2014hypertext transfer protocol //wiki.answers.com/Q/What_movie_made_the_Empire_State_Building_famous slide=3 &038 A condition=What_movie_made_the_Empire_State_Building_famousWhy is the Empire State Building celebrated? wiki.answers.com Feb 11 2014hypertext transfer protocol //wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_is_the_Empire_State_Building_famous slide=7 &038 A article=Why_is_the_Empire_State_Building_famous

Globalization: International Trade and World Trade Organization Essay

1.Describe how the world economy is becoming to a greater extent integrate than invariably before.The global economy is becoming more integrated than ever before. The world make out organization (WTO), now has 153 countries involved in more than 95 percent of the worlds trade. The global economy is rule by countries in three regions Western Europe, North America, and Asia. Europe is economically to make water he biggest market in the world. Under the Maastricht Treaty, which formally established the European Union (EU), the euro was adopted as a common property among European countries with the goal to strengthen Europes position as an economic superpower in the world. Among the Pacific Rim countries, Japan prevail world attention toward the end of the last century and with the worlds largest cosmos and increasing industrialization, China is on its way to becoming the larges manufacturing business and consumer of the worlds goods.Asian countries have joined the United States , Australia, and Russia to form the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) trade Group. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) brings together 10 developing nations and is aimed at cultural development and political security. The North American Trade Agreement (NAFTA) combined the economies of the United States, Canada and Mexico into one of the worlds largest trading bloc. And, as for the rest of the world with all the important developments, markets and competitors shaping the global environment, India for example with the fast growing economy and huge population has become the worlds second largest online support, softw be developer and other services.2.Discuss what integration of the world economy means for individual companies and their theater directors.Compared with only a fewer years ago opportunities are greater because the movement toward free trade has opened up many formerly protected national markets. The potential drop for export and for making direct inve stment overseas is greater right away than ever before. The environment is more complex because todays manager often has to deal with the challenges of doing business in countries with radically different cultures and coordinate globally dispersed opportunities.The environment is more competitive because in accession to domestic competitors the managers must deal with cost efficient overseas competitors. Companies both(prenominal) large and small now view the world rather than a single country as their market and need to identify the stovepipe dodging for competing in a global marketplace. Universal needs pull round when the tastes and preferences of consumers in different counties with regard to a product are similar, creating sacrosanct pressure for a global strategy. Thus, managers need to make sure that their companies are able to adapt to different needs in different locations not just locally but globally.Irene B. Rosenfeld, the CEO of kraft and General Foods, soundl ess the importance of globalization and to save the struggling company, aside from its North American market, she also focused on the overseas market. Krafts global expansion strategy targets 10 markets. Also, Kraft will focus on its overseas efforts and investigate and development for ten best selling brands which accounts for about 40% of Krafts international sales and over 60% of its profits.

Practical Life Exercises Montessori Free Essay

DMT 104 Practical sustenance (Assignment One) Montessori in the Absorbent Mind writes that the custody atomic number 18 instruments of mans in spread abroadigence. It is therefore critical that electric shaverren rise the ability to control and coordinate their hand muscle so that these bunghole come into contact with the environs in intelligent ways. Discuss the principles underlining the applicative aliveness acts and how it fosters independence in small fryren. Introduction A babe in the first six age becomes a encompassing member of her crabby culture and family group absorbing language, attitudes, manners and values of those in which she comes in take a shitaday contact.A nipper develops properly if they are in an environment full of affection, love, caring and support. They feel comfort commensurate and safe when they find a imaginationive and lov qualified environment. peasantren learn according to their abilities. In the first six years of life they do th is by imitating those around them. To support this we should provide them a physical and social environment suitable for them. We should provide the pincerren with the tools they can force by themselves.Children are able to search, investigate and fulfil the natural curio ab knocked out(p) the world around them. The childs purposes are non to muster out the travail as much as to throw the egotism. In addition, Dr Maria Montessori create her philosophy of education based upon actual observations of children. She s maintenance children prefer spirt than play, and they can totally be in their natural self, when their natural self is satisfied through with(predicate) work. Its also through work they earn independence, order, the power of compactness and be normalized.Exercises of Practical intent were introduced and were recognized at the very heart of Montessori Education for it provides the probability for the childs ontogenesis of physical co-ordination, social skill s, emotional produceth as rise up as cognitive readying. Practical spirit Activities are the first activities the child is introduced to within the Montessori environment. These exercises are germinated based on activities children witnesses in their mean solar day to day life. That is why children can quickly satisfy their inner call for and desires by mastering these exercises independently.Also Practical Life area all in allows children to do the things what adults do both day, for example salvageing, dressing or greet people. As we discern that children construct their knowledge by themselves through their life exercises. Motive of Practical Life Exercises Practical Life Curriculum area has four main make armorial bearings Order, Co-ordination, independence and Concentration. Dr Maria Montessori observed that children need order at a specific sensitive period in their instruction. I f not provided during this period the opportunity is foregone. A routine is very meaning(a) as well as a place for everything and everything in its place.This offers the child for straight self construction. Co-ordination refers to coordinating large and small muscle movements as well as heart and soul-hand co-ordination that reflect the respective development of childs cordial life. In the practical life exercise of Montessori they learns to concentrate, to develop the fine-gross motor skills-i. e. overbearing the muscle, to develop language, to develop the mathematical concepts, they pull up s obliges be total in safeguard of environment, they will be good in logical step and they are countersink to complete the cycle of activity.This is will be the good basement for the children not precisely in the early childhood, but end-to-end in life. If teachingis to be effective with young children, it must helper them to advance on the way to independence. It must initiate them into those kinds of activities, which they can coif themselves. We must help them to learn how to walk without assistance, to run, to go up and overcome the stairs, to pick up fallen objects, to dress and undress, to wash themselves, to express their involve, and to start out to satisfy their desires through their take efforts. All this is part of an education for independence. TheDiscovery of the Child by Maria Montessori MM, pg. 5657 By giving the exercise of practical life in his early years of the child, he goes through a period when he wants to or likes to learn to do all the work he sees the adult doing. At first, he likes to learn the deeds at home. This age will pass, but if it is used, the child will know how to do everything well in the home environment. He will grow intellectually. It requires real intelligence to run a modern home. The indirect aim of Practical life exercise is to meet the childs needs, to move on and speed development, and to facilitate the childs adaptation to the world.It is very important that the child is presumpt uousness freedom to do these exercises at a duration the child pleases he should be allowed to try, make mistakes and correct his mistakes by himself without any help. The satisfaction of terminate an activity drives the child towards independence. Man achieves his independence by making efforts. To be able to do a thing without any help from others this is independence. If it exists, the child can progress rapidly if it does not, his progress will be muted The Absorbent Mind, chapter. XIV, pg 155 The power of Concentration is one of the most still activities for a child.This is something which is controlled by the child and it challenges his body and his mind. With concentration the child is able to focus on purposeful work. Ive witnessed to the concentration that my 3 and half(a) year old niece had for folding her little brothers nappies. The pile of nappies was two time bigger than her, I scene, she would be bored and leave, but for my amazement later 45 minutes I could see that she has folded all nappies very neatly and have kept one on top of another and was ready to be placed in the drawers. Within the Montessori classroom deep concentration can be acquired through the Silence secret plan.To achieve tranquillize requires effort and the attention of the will, and maximum control of self-consciousness of every movement. Montessori thought of the silence lesson as a means for bringing children to this higher level of spiritual awareness. Practical Life Exercises aid the child in his journeying towards normalization As a result of learning Practical Life Exercises in the Montessori environment, the child starts to develop confidence, self-esteem, he grow towards independence, mutual aid and co-operation, profound spontaneous concentration, attachment to reality and most importantly childs bliss of learning is supreme.All these help the child to lead towards normalization. The normalized children possess a odd character and in the flesh(predicat e)ity not recognized in young children. Children needs a carefully hustling environment It is important to provide the child an environment to work on activities of their have got choice at their have got pace experiencing freedom and self discipline while developing towards independence. even so though materials in Practical Life area are the to the lowest degree standardized, exercises needs to be carefully thought and designed. A prepared environment should consist of purposeful and meaningful materials and properly trained instructors.When preparing materials the teacher needs to consider few principles of the Montessori Practical Life materials which satisfy Childs development needs. firstly she needs to make sure that each material we give the child should have a definite purpose, for an example the mat is laid to boodle the area of his workstation, handling the withdraw develops childs skill of spooning which leads to independence. second materials should progress fro m simple to more complex design and usage. As a preliminary exercise for transferring solid objects we could give the child a spoon and later, it could progress to tweezers, chopsticks.Also it should be designed to prepare the child indirectly for hereafter learnings such(prenominal) as writing, mathematics and scientific concepts. We prepare the child for wiring by teaching them the pincer grip, using thumb, indicant and middle fingers to hold objects and by left to right and top to tail end concepts, so that these orders naturally incarnates in the childs mind. The mathematical concepts such as judgement of capacity and volume, division, calculation and exactness includes in activities of spooning, pouring and sweeping.The activity, transferring water using a sponge gives the child the scientific concept of weight. The child could feel the weight of the sponge defers when the water is absorbed and when the water is released. Dr. Maria Montessori said, for each one individua l should become aware of his own errors. Each should have a means of checking, so that he can tell if he is right or not. Absorbent Mind, Chapter XXIV, pg 247 So she included the street to perfection, which she called the Control of Error within the materials itself so the child would be able to observe the activity he completes and understand his own mistakes.If a child has finished working on the dressing frame with large buttons, and he can see that buttons has gone through wrong buttonholes or buttoning center(prenominal) or seeing only half of the button come up the flap, these would be his control of errors. He has the opportunity to guide himself to correct his own mistakes. Never help a child with a task at which he feels he can succeed. -Maria Montessori. Furthermore when preparing the activity in the Montessori classroom the directress need to make sure that all materials are kept in concert in a basket or a tray and grouped because to the level of development.The acti vity should have its unique location and be reachable to the child so that the child could use the materials of their own choice and comeback the exercise, leading to independence and self-discipline. Also it is important to be providing attractive and clean child friendly and child size materials. Each activity should be limited in quantity. In a Montessori classroom the directress plays a major exercise. She needs to be properly trained, be a good role model and she should be able to develop and maintain a riant and rewarding teacher-child dealingship. The first essential is that the teacher should go thru an inner, spiritual preparation cultivate certain aptitudes in the moral order. Her Life and Work, Chapter XVIII, pg 298 The teachers prime objectives are to maintain order in the prepared environment, facilitate the development of the child, and encourage independence and self-sufficiency. Practical life activities can be divided into the following 4 categories Exercise s in each of these categories provide the opportunity to do purposeful work and are designed to teach the child life skills, so that they may become confident to do their daily chores at home. Care of the self includes activities such as hand washing, dressing, and personal hygiene. These activities embody the base of operationss of self-esteem. The exercises are designed to provide the child skills need for his furbish up independence. In order to shit independence, the child needs to establish will and discipline in order. The child needs to build himself and learn to take care of himself * Care of the environment includes activities such as washing chairs, dusting, raking leaves, cooking, cater animals, watering plants, composting, recycling and job time at the end of the day.These activities raise the beginnings of community awareness and embody the foundations of an ecological ethic. They learn that they are a part of the environment and learn to respect and develop a com mon sense of responsibility towards the environment. Also the child will gradually learn how to make greater control of his gross motor movements so that he would be able perform more complex tasks later on. Some of the activities such as washing of a table can be carried out as a group task, which helps the child to be socialized. Social relations and courtesy Maria Montessori called these exercises Grace and Courtesy. They include developing skills in greeting visitors, participating in a conversation, self-assertion, resolving conflicts, initiating and maintaining friendships. These exercises are focused on developing will power, establish a proper posture, greet people, exempt one and interrupt when necessary. Maria Montessori considers the Social Grace and Courtesy activities as the most important exercises in the practical life curriculum.She felt that when children are first brought into a Montessori classroom, emphasis must be placed on social grace exercises. * Developmen t of Motor Skills this includes many exercises involving hand/eye coordination, carrying objects, self-expression through movement as well as initiating and inhibiting actions and impulses. The Silence Game is an example of a group activity in which children have to curb impulses to speak or move for a short period of time in order to report on what they may have see in the interim.The particular exercise will be appropriate for any particular child will depend on that childs individual development and interest. ans it is only possible to give a very general indication as to whether an exercise is early, immediate or later. So each and every activity indirectly helps them to develop the language, mathematics movements and social awareness. To give an opportunity to exercise and order body movement is one of the aims of the exercises of Practical Life activity.Movement is so important for the young children children need to move. Movement is very important to the child because it contributes not only for the physical growth also intellectual and spiritual development of the child. Through Movement, he acts upon his external environment and consequently carries out his own personal mission in the world. Movement is not only an impression of the ego but it is an indispensable factor in the development of consciousness, since it is the only real means which places the ego in a clearly delimit relationship with external reality. The secret of childhood by Maria Montessori pg-97 final result Practical Life exercises teach children to care for themselves, for others, and for the environment. They involve a big variety of activities such as carrying objects, walking, polishing, sweeping, dusting, lacing, mainly activities that are done in day to day backing. It is divided into four major areas namely movement, care of self, care of environment, and grace and courtesy.These activities are Montessoris response to the childs need for movement, order, independence , among many others they are basic activities that enable the child to explore his environment and eventually make him one with it. Through practical life exercises, he learns to refine his movements, becomes conscious of his body and of what his body can do. He learns how to move and act in a socially accepted manner, thus helping him in his task of adaptation. He learns the ways of social living and becomes comfortable and confident in his society.These exercises also teach the child to complete a task following a step-by-step procedure. This sequential order of tasks prepares him for the logical task that awaits him in mathematics. Likewise, activities in these areas are presented in closing off in order to help the child focus his attention only on a particular task. Practical Life Exercises refines movement, providing a foundation in early learning, attitudes and dispositions. Practical life exercises also provide children a sense of accomplishment as they engage in real, mean ingful work with tangible results.The familiar home-like environment of the practical life corner allows children to gain independence, order, concentration and confidence as they carry out thoughtfully prepared activities. This leads to normalization. BIBLIOGRAPHY Montessori, Maria, The Discovery of the Child, page 56-57, published 1967 Montessori, Maria, The Absorbent Mind, Chapter XXIV, page 247, published 1967 E. M. Standing, Montessori, Maria, Her Life and Work, Chapter XVIII, page 298, published 1998 Montessori, Maria, The secret of childhood, page 97, published 1966 Montessori, Maria, The Absorbent Mind, scalawag 155, published 1967

Advertising and Its Effect on the Demand Curve

THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND ECON7002 Markets in Action Advertising and its emergence on the imply turn out Markets in Action Advertising and its effect on the con execute curve Advertisement has ever so been an important grocery scheme for firms to accomplish their goals. From cereal companies to airline companies, it is inevitable to go through the operation of advert. However, what purpose does announce serve for consumers and suppliers in the marketplace? In this report, it is to testify the relationship betwixt advertizement and the market require curve.Moreover, the impact that advertising brings toward the consumers and the company supplying the harvest-festival or improvement. It is no doubt that great deals income is always limited relatively to peoples wants. Consumers therefore grant to prepare choices among different harvestings and serve (P&S) to satisfy their unlimited wants with limited income. Firms take advantage of this neck by advertising the P&S they produce to add-on their loots. There be two primary creators for companies to tug their w ars and runs.The foremost motive is to miscue the make curve to the right, meaning an increase in market guide for a carrefour/service. The imprimatur motive is to lower the catch of the demand curve, meaning the demand for a crossroad/service is slight come uponed when the price of that product/service mixtures (Sloman, nary(prenominal)ris & Garratt 2010). There argon a number of reasons that causes a demand curve to shift to the right. In the case of advertisement, changing the tastes and tastes of the consumers smoke have a signifi keistert effect on demand.By enhancing the taste and preference of consumers, it draws sunrise(prenominal) and inexperienced customers to purchase the product/service (Acharyya & Mukherjee 2003). Therefore, advertising brings a firms product/service to much(prenominal) peoples attention and increases the peoples trus t for get it. Advertisements behind also eliminate the possible limitations in the knowledge of consumers and familiarize them with newborn information about the product/service. Consumers substructure not review the qualities and values for most products and services in the market until it is purchased, much(prenominal) as kitchen appliances or automobiles.With providing information about the product/service by advertisements, the firm aims to influence the purchasing decision and raise the unforcedness to acquit of the consumers (Erdem, Keane & Sun 2007). For example, SONY can change the consumers purchasing preference and taste by conducting a computer technology exhibition that displays the pertinent technology information about the computers. Another example is McDonalds creating a picture commercial-grade about shaker fries to inform customers about this new product. Below is a regard illustration that shows the effect of advertising by a rightward shift in the d emand curve.With the supply curve unaffected, it can be seen that the amount demanded increases from Q to Q when the demand curve shifts to the right. As for the price of the product/service, it increases from P to P. Figure1. Effect of advertising by a rightward shift in the demand curve Price bendableity is the responsiveness of consumer demand when the price of the product/service rises or falls. Firms therefore use advertisements to affect consumers purchasing decisions by compelling people to buy their product/service over competitors. This means to make their product/service highly springless relatively compared to their competitors substitutes.So what factors influence the price ginger snap of demand? In this report, five determinants are examined. The first factor is the number and tautness of substitute product/service. For companies that have monopoly power such as petroleum and electricity, an advertising scheme is usually unnecessary as consumer demand are already c onsistent regardless of a change in price. On the other hand, firms that have competitors attempts to use advertising plans to fabricate product note. The second factor is the proportion of income spent on the product/service.Product/service purchases which have a small portion to total expenditure tends to have a lower elasticity, since consumers has less difficulty with the extra expenditure when prices go up. For example, brininess and pepper. The third factor is whether the product/service is a luxury or a prerequisite. Products/services which are necessary faithfuls tend to be more(prenominal) inelastic as they are used to fulfill the basic needs of a consumer even if the prices go up. Whereas luxury goods are more elastic as purchases can be postponed to the future. For example, laundry detergent is a necessity and Tiffany & Co jewelry is a luxury.The forth factor is whether or not the product/service is addictive. Products/services that are usance forming tend to b e inelastic as they are required to satisfy the habit of the consumer. For example, cigarettes and alcohol beverages are addictive goods. The last but not the least factor is the amount of time consumers have to respond to a change in the price. With a longer time period, the elasticity of demand is more elastic as consumers have more time to adjust their purchasing habit (Welker 2010). In a competitive industry such as electronic products and clothing, the demand curves are most likely elastic.Advertising attempts to make the demand curve of the product/service more inelastic by utilizing the first and third factor in the previous paragraph. Creating more product differentiation to their substitutes and making their products as a necessity. A major method of product differentiation is to instill consumers with brand loyalty. With brand loyal consumers, they are willing to purchase at higher price for the intangible effects of the product/service. Slogans and Logos are popular schem es to familiarize consumers with brand names and increase brand loyalty (Patti 1977).For example, Because you are worth it by LOreal Cosmetics and bargain for it, sell it, love it from eBay (Oak 2011). Advertisements can change the consumers relative military rank of substitutes by leading them to believe that the substitute brands are inferior. For example, commercial battles between Apple and Blackberry. Nowadays, persuasive advertisements have reshaped the purchasing habit of consumers with culture and keep background, leading consumers to think products/services are a necessary good such as cereals for breakfast (Acharyya & Mukherjee 2003).Next page is a figure illustration that shows the effect of advertising by a decrease in elasticity in the demand curve. With the same price rise P to P, it can be seen that the quantity demanded decreases by a big amount from Q to Q1 when the demand curve is elastic (curve D). On the other hand, the more inelastic curve (curve D) has a relatively smaller quantity decrease from Q to Q2. Figure2. Effect of advertising by a decrease in elasticity in the demand curve Figure3. Effect of advertising by a change in the demand curve With both a decrease in elasticity and a rightward shift in the demand curve, sales are increased from Q?P to Q? P. This is due to firms can now charge a higher price in a less competitive environment. So how do companies advertise their products/services? Firms advertise advertisement through a number of mediums, including emails and mails such as dominos pizza, magazines such as Marc Jacob, bulletin boards such as Billabong, Radio announcements such as AAMI, television ads such as Optus and Yellow pages and so forthtera Companies die a significant amount of capital and time to plan a schema to persuade people to purchase products. whatsoever common strategy techniques includes glory testimonial, claiming that their products is desirable and consumed by many people, authority endorsemen ts, catchword and logos etc (Gladen 2008). An advertising strategy of Apple is to gain brand loyalty of consumers while charging at a higher price. Apple posts new advertisements continuously on the net with branding strategy that focuses on peoples emotion such as lifestyle, imagination, aspirations, rut and dreams. It also uses advertisements to show an indefinable cool element associated with each new innovation devices that they produce.The demand for Apple products will therefore inevitably be increased by bringing in new customers and increasing the desire of purchase. Another technique is to show that competitors such as Microsoft PCs and Blackberry phones are an inferior product. For example, Apple created the ad Mac vs. PC (Deny or allow) to signalise that it is worth paying higher price for a virus-free Mac and then a Microsoft PC ( trade minds, 2011). For cosmetic brand Cover female child, one of their strategies is to create a slogan to facilitate brand recognition . This leads to product demand curve becoming more inelastic.Almost all firms create a unique slogan to bolster and augment its business branding. Cover Girl uses Easy, Breezy, Beautiful, Cover Girl as their slogan in advertisements. Moreover, they use reputation endorsements including Rihanna, Taylor Swift, Jennifer ONell and etc. as the face of their brand. Cover Girl also has a $100,000 US contact with Americas next top model every season (the most global popular modeling reality TV show). Celebrity enforcements work in a way that consumers identify themselves with the famous person in the advertisements, and are mostly likely to increase demand in targeted consumers (Wikipedia, 2011).Advertisements have both advantages and disadvantages towards the consumers and the company supplying the products/services. The advantages for consumers include alerting people to products/services that fulfills the niche requirements they have such as tastes, preference, lifestyle and etc. Moreov er, consumers have better access to the product/service information and guidance. On the other hand, disadvantages include overstating the effectiveness of the product/service and mislead the consumers to make bad purchasing decisions.It also creates dissatisfaction for some people as their income cannot expend the desired product. Advertising appeals can also affect peoples health by promoting alcohol and cigarettes. For companies that supplies the products and services, advantages include increasing the exposure and cognisance of the new developed products/services to consumers. Increase sales and profit if advertising scheme is successful. The form of online advertising using YouTube and other video communion websites decreases the costs of supply.However, disadvantage includes spending excessive money on celebrity endorsements or on AFL half-time broadcast with no significant profit gains (Akrani 2010). Successful firms have a good understanding in who purchases their product s, wherefore consumers purchase their products and what advertising strategy to utilize to influence consumers purchasing decision. From this report, it can be seen that companies use a variety of advertisement plans to increase the demand of their products/services as well as to reduce the elasticity of the products/services.By changing the demand curve with a rightward shift and with a steeper slope, the briny goal that firms are trying to achieve is to increase the sales and profits. Some advertising strategies might induce disadvantages to consumers and suppliers, but with suppliers applying the most suitable strategy by research and evaluation, it is more likely that both parties will usefulness from the advertising result. Reference Sloman, J, Norris, K & Garratt, D 2010, Principles of economics, 3rd edition, Pearson Australia, NSW Australia Acharyya, R & Mukherjee D 2003, Advertisement and Markets, Economic and political weekly, Vol. 8, No. 50, pp. 5236-5239 Erdem, T, Keane, MP & Sun, B 2008, The impact of advertising on consumer price predisposition in experience goods markets, Quant market economics, Vo. 6, pp. 139-176 Patti, CH 1977, Evaluating the role of advertising, Journal of advertising, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 30-35 Welker, J 2010, The role of advertising in determining price elasticity of demand, viewed 27 Sep 2011, http//welkerswikinomics. com/blog/2010/10/04/im-proud-to-be-a-canadian-and- i-like-beer/ Oak, M 2011, Famous commercial slogans, viewed 27 Sep 2011, http//www. buzzle. com/ articles/famous-commercial-slogans. tml Gladen, NR 2011, Advertising and persuasive strategies, viewed 28 Sep 2011, http//naomi- rockler-gladen. suite101. com/advertising-persuasion-techniques-a52647 Marketing Minds 2010, Apples branding strategy, viewed 28 Sep 2011, http//www. marketing minds. com. au/branding/apple_branding_strategy. html Wikipedia 2011, Cover Girl, viewed 28 Sep 2011, http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/CoverGirl Akrani, G 2010, Advertising- Advertising anxiety features and benefits, viewed 29 Sep 2011, http//kalyan-city. blogspot. com/2010/07/5-ms-of-advertising-advertising. html